A new<i>Leishmania tropica</i>zymodeme—causative agent of canine visceral leishmaniasis in northern Morocco

Lemrani, Meryem; Nejjar, R.; Pratlong, Francine

doi:10.1179/000349802125001645

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In contrast, in L. tropica infection, skin lesions were mucocutaneous and proliferative in two cases of young dogs [6, 19], or associated with pustular dermatitis, lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly [5]. Older descriptions of L. tropica -infected dogs diagnosed based on culture and enzymatic characterization describe dermatitis with facial papules and no other clinical manifestations in seven dogs from Morocco [20] or a severe disease, with poor body condition, skin and internal organ pathology similar to canine viscerocutaneous leishmaniosis caused by L. infantum [17, 18]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica: comparative findings and serology

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInfection and clinical disease associated with Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica, two common agents of human cutaneous leishmaniosis, have rarely been reported in dogs. This study describes dogs infected with these Leishmania spp. prevalent in the Middle East and North Africa, and compares the serological response of dogs infected with Leishmania infantum, L. major or L. tropica to whole promastigote antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of each species and to rK39 dipstick.Results Leishmania major infection in a 5-month-old male dog was associated with alopecic and ulcerative periocular and limb skin lesions which responded to allopurinol treatment. Infection was detected by skin and blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed by DNA sequencing but the dog was seronegative. Leishmania tropica infection was detected in a 3-month-old female dog co-infected with Babesia vogeli and Anaplasma platys and with no skin lesions. PCR and DNA sequencing of the blood and parasite culture were positive for L. tropica. Sera from 11 dogs infected with L. infantum, L. major or L. tropica were reactive with all three Leishmania spp. antigens except for sera from a dog with L. major infection. No significant differences were found between reactivity of dog sera to the antigen of the infecting species, or to the other Leishmania spp. antigens. Sera from dogs infected with L. infantum and L. tropica were positive with the rK39 antigen kit, while dogs with L. major infection were seronegative.ConclusionsSkin lesions in L. major infected dogs from this study and previous reports (n = 2) were ulcerative and located on the muzzle, feet and foot pads and not associated with generalized lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly. In previous L. tropica infections, skin lesions were proliferative mucocutaneous in young dogs (n = 2), or associated with widespread dermatitis, lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly in older dogs with similarity to L. infantum infection (n = 2). This study suggests that ELISA serology with whole promastigote antigen is not distinctive between L. infantum, L. major and L. tropica canine infections and that some L. major infections are not seropositive. PCR with DNA sequencing should be used to discriminate between canine infections with these three species.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2050-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica: comparative findings and serology

et al. 2017

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“…1) (Guernaoui et al, 2005;Rhajaoui, 2011;Rhajaoui et al, 2012). Anomalous cases of leishmaniasis have also been reported from Morocco: two cases of canine VL caused by L. tropica (GuessousIdrissi et al, 1997;Lemrani et al, 2002) and seven cases of canine CL caused by L. tropica ; and several of human (Rhajaoui et al, 2007;Rioux et al, 1996) and at least one of canine CL caused by strains of L. infantum .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Multilocus Microsatellite Typing reveals intra-focal genetic diversity among strains of Leishmania tropica in Chichaoua Province, Morocco

Krayter

Alam

Roubal

et al. 2014

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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In Morocco, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania (L.) tropica is a major public health threat. Strains of this species have been shown to display considerable serological, biochemical, molecular biological and genetic heterogeneity; and Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE), has shown that in many countries including Morocco heterogenic variants of L. tropica can co-exist in single geographical foci. Here, the microsatellite profiles discerned by MLMT of nine Moroccan strains of L. tropica isolated in 2000 from human cases of CL from Chichaoua Province were compared to those of nine Moroccan strains of L. tropica isolated between 1988 and 1990 from human cases of CL from Marrakech Province, and also to those of 147 strains of L. tropica isolated at different times from different worldwide geographical locations within the range of distribution of the species. Several programs, each employing a different algorithm, were used for population genetic analysis. The strains from each of the two Moroccan foci separated into two phylogenetic clusters independent of their geographical origin. Genetic diversity and heterogeneity existed in both foci, which are geographically close to each other. This intra-focal distribution of genetic variants of L. tropica is not considered owing to in situ mutation. Rather, it is proposed to be explained by the importation of pre-existing variants of L. tropica into Morocco.

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“…The transmission cycle of this species in Morocco remains poorly known. The presence of L. tropica (MON-279) in a dog with symptoms of canine VL [9] suggest that the cycle is zoonotic. Nevertheless, the small number of canine cases and the short duration of the lesions make it difficult to define the precise role of the dog in the epidemiological cycle [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New epidemiological aspects of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Taza, Morocco

et al. 2016

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BackgroundLeishmaniasis is considered among the main endemic diseases in Morocco. However, further knowledge about epidemiological aspects of this disease is needed in several provinces to plan control and preventive strategies to tackle the disease. The present study aims to determine the epidemiological aspect of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in Taza Province from 2007–2014 and to identify the circulating species in this province.ResultsThe temporal study from 2007 to 2014 showed that the number of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases increased since 2010. During the period of study, most leishmaniasis cases were detected in both urban and rural areas with 34% of cases detected in two urban localities, Bab Zitouna and Bab tété with 297 and 106 cases, respectively. The molecular study of cutaneous leishmaniasis showed the presence of non-sporadic Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica in this province. Regarding visceral leishmaniasis, Leishmania infantum is the species that has been identified.ConclusionsThe epidemio-molecular study of leishmaniasis in Taza Province showed the coexistence of two species of Leishmania in the same foci. They also indicated that CL due to Leishmania infantum is more prevalent than reported in the literature. These results will be helpful for the implementation of control strategies by targeting dogs that constitute a reservoir of Leishmania infantum.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1910-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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A newLeishmania tropicazymodeme—causative agent of canine visceral leishmaniasis in northern Morocco

Cited by 51 publications

References 8 publications

Canine leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica: comparative findings and serology

Canine leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica: comparative findings and serology

Multilocus Microsatellite Typing reveals intra-focal genetic diversity among strains of Leishmania tropica in Chichaoua Province, Morocco

New epidemiological aspects of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Taza, Morocco

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