“…3(a), (b)]. Secondary sexual dimorphism is frequently reported and discussed among characiforms, mainly regarding the presence of bony hooks on fins (Wiley & Collette, 1970;Fink & Weitzman, 1974;Weitzman & Fink, 1985;Weitzman et al, 1994;Malabarba & Weitzman, 1999Lima & Sousa, 2009;Camelier & Zanata, 2014;Vieira et al, 2016) or shape of the dorsal and anal fins (Costa & Géry, 1994;Weitzman & Palmer, 1997;Moreira et al, 2002a,b;Teixeira et al, 2013;Ingenito et al, 2013;Dagosta et al, 2014;Marinho et al, 2014;Pastana & Ohara, 2016). Although sexual dichromatism in Characidae has been known for over a century (Eigenmann, 1912(Eigenmann, , 1917, descriptions of such dimorphism are still scarce in taxonomic literature.…”