A new high-quality elderberry plant extract exerts antiviral and immunomodulatory effects
            <i>in vitro</i>
            and
            <i>ex vivo</i>

Schön, Christiane; Mödinger, Yvonne; Krüger, Franziska; Doebis, Cornelia; Pischel, Ivo; Bonnländer, Bernd

doi:10.1080/09540105.2021.1978941

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, the ethanol-derived EE25 fraction had no potential to modulate and increase the investigated immune responses. This observation is in line with a recent report investigating the effect of an ethanolic extract on cytokine production [ 21 ]. Interestingly, the authors actually observed a reduced expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ, which fits with our results, as we did not see a significant increase in TNF-α and IFN-γ production when cells were incubated with the ethanol extract EE25 compared to the water extract EC15, and derived fractions CPS, BOUND and UNBOUND.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Polysaccharides from European Black Elderberry Extract Enhance Dendritic Cell Mediated T Cell Immune Responses

Stich

Plattner²,

McDougall

et al. 2022

IJMS

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European black elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) is a popular way to treat common colds or influenza infections. Mechanistically, this might be due to a direct antiviral effect or a stimulatory effect on the immune system of the host. Here, we evaluated the modulatory effects of black elderberry derived water extract (EC15) and its polysaccharide enriched fractions (CPS, BOUND, and UNBOUND) in comparison to a conventional alcoholic extract (EE25), regarding the phenotypical and functional properties of dendritic cells (DCs), which are essential cells to induce potent T cell responses. Interestingly, the water extract and its polysaccharide fractions potently induced DC maturation, while the ethanol extract did not. Moreover, the capacity to stimulate T cells by these matured DCs, as assessed using MLR assays, was statistically higher when induced by the water extracted fractions, compared to immature DCs. On the other hand, the ethanol extract EE25 did not induce T cell stimulation. Finally, the cytokine expression profiles of these DC—T cell cocultures were assessed and correlated well with increased T cell stimulation. Also, the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ was highly increased in the presence of the elderberry water extract EC15, and the polysaccharide enriched CPS, BOUND, and UNBOUND fractions, but not by EE25. Thus, from these data, we conclude that the polysaccharides present in water-derived elderberry fractions induce potent immune-modulatory effects, which represents the basis for a strong immune-mediated response to viruses including influenza.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Polysaccharides from European Black Elderberry Extract Enhance Dendritic Cell Mediated T Cell Immune Responses

Stich

Plattner²,

McDougall

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Several plants demonstrate a T H 1 to T H 2 shift. For instance, treatment with Nigella sativa favours a shift to a T H 2 cytokine profile in mouse lymphocytes [ 202 ], and in human lymphocytes with Sambucus nigra [ 203 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic roles of plants for 15 hypothesised causal bases of Alzheimer’s disease

Tyler

2022

Nat. Prod. Bioprospect.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is progressive and ultimately fatal, with current drugs failing to reverse and cure it. This study aimed to find plant species which may provide therapeutic bioactivities targeted to causal agents proposed to be driving AD. A novel toolkit methodology was employed, whereby clinical symptoms were translated into categories recognized in ethnomedicine. These categories were applied to find plant species with therapeutic effects, mined from ethnomedical surveys. Survey locations were mapped to assess how this data is at risk. Bioactivities were found of therapeutic relevance to 15 hypothesised causal bases for AD. 107 species with an ethnological report of memory improvement demonstrated therapeutic activity for all these 15 causal bases. The majority of the surveys were found to reside within biodiversity hotspots (centres of high biodiversity under threat), with loss of traditional knowledge the most common threat. Our findings suggest that the documented plants provide a large resource of AD therapeutic potential. In demonstrating bioactivities targeted to these causal bases, such plants may have the capacity to reduce or reverse AD, with promise as drug leads to target multiple AD hallmarks. However, there is a need to preserve ethnomedical knowledge, and the habitats on which this knowledge depends. Graphical Abstract

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“…In the aggregate, black elder contains many valuable compounds for general health and may be beneficial to control COVID-19. Recently, Schön et al 167 demonstrated that elderberry extract has antiviral activity and inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF- and α, IFN-γ, and IL-2, indicating that elderberries act as immunomodulators. Additionally, the elderberry extract possesses substantial antiviral bioavailability, as demonstrated by its high virucidal efficacy against the modified vaccinia virus Ankara, which is reduced by up to 95%.…”

Section: Functional Food Ingredients Were Effective In Virus Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Antiviral Activity of Functional Foods Against COVID-19 and Viral Respiratory Tract Infections

Omer¹,

Khorshidi²,

Mortazavi³

et al. 2022

IJGM

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Due to the absence of successful therapy, vaccines for protection are continuously being developed. Since vaccines must be thoroughly tested, viral respiratory tract infections (VRTIs), mainly coronaviruses, have seriously affected human health worldwide in recent years. In this review, we presented the relevant data which originated from trusted publishers regarding the practical benefits of functional foods (FFs) and their dietary sources, in addition to natural plant products, in viral respiratory and COVID-19 prevention and immune-boosting activities. As a result, FFs were confirmed to be functionally active ingredients for preventing COVID-19 and VRTIs. Furthermore, the antiviral activity and immunological effects of FFs against VRTIs and COVID-19 and their potential main mechanisms of action are also being reviewed. Therefore, to prevent COVID-19 and VRTIs, it is critical to identify controlling the activities and immune-enhancing functional food constituents as early as possible. We further aimed to summarize functional food constituents as a dietary supplement that aids in immune system boosting and may effectively reduce VRTIs and COVID-19 and promote therapeutic efficacy.

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A new high-quality elderberry plant extract exerts antiviral and immunomodulatory effects in vitro and ex vivo

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Polysaccharides from European Black Elderberry Extract Enhance Dendritic Cell Mediated T Cell Immune Responses

Polysaccharides from European Black Elderberry Extract Enhance Dendritic Cell Mediated T Cell Immune Responses

Therapeutic roles of plants for 15 hypothesised causal bases of Alzheimer’s disease

A Review on the Antiviral Activity of Functional Foods Against COVID-19 and Viral Respiratory Tract Infections

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