A new guide for work studies in forestry

Magagnotti, Natascia; Kanzian, Christian; Schulmeyer, Fabian; Spinelli, R.

doi:10.1080/14942119.2013.856613

Cited by 44 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Time input per sample plot was determined with the time‐and‐motion study technique . Time input was split into time elements considered to be typical of the functional process analyzed, and consisted of harvesting, turning, and delays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time input per sample plot was determined with the time-and-motion study technique. 15 Time input was split into time elements 16 considered to be typical of the functional process analyzed, and consisted of harvesting, turning, and delays. All time elements and the related Th ere were signifi cant diff erences between varietals in terms of both the diameter and the clean weight of rootstocks.…”

Section: Description Of the Systems Comparedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unearthing the hidden resource: biomass from rootstock recovery

Picchi

Pari²,

Scarfone³

et al. 2016

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Termination of depleted orchards generates a large amount of residue, often turned into wood fuel. This operation is particularly diffi cult with rootstocks, which are laborious to extract and offer a very low-quality fuel. The authors tested a new technology, designed for effi cient rootstock extraction. Contrary to conventional excavator-based technology, the new technology is able to cut and lift rootstocks in one single pass. A side-by-side comparative test was conducted on 16 sample plots, in a pear orchard. Clean rootstock weight ranged between 3 and 7 kg, and sample plot yield varied from 4 to 9 t ha -1 fresh rootstocks, depending on varietal. The new technology was fi ve times more productive than the conventional technology, and allowed reduction of rootstock extraction cost by a factor of 3.8. The output-input energy balance was twice as favorable for the new technology, compared with the traditional one. No signifi cant changes were found for what concerned rootstock contamination: the weight of raw rootstocks consisted of over 50% of soil, which would require a separate cleaning operation. Adoption of the new technology described in this paper may dramatically increase the viability of root biomass supply.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of the Systems Comparedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unearthing the hidden resource: biomass from rootstock recovery

Picchi

Pari²,

Scarfone³

et al. 2016

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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“…The working time was recorded through the application of a continuous timing method wherein a clock ran continuously and the times for different elements were separated from each other under distinct numeric codes (e.g. Harstela 1991;Magagnotti et al 2013). During the experiment, the researcher observed the work performance outside the risk zone so that he did not disturb the work of the operator.…”

Section: The Time Study and Data Analysis Of The Chipping Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a small and a medium sized professional chippers and the impact of storage time on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stem wood chips characteristics

Laitila¹,

Routa²

2015

Silva Fenn.

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Performance of a small and a medium sized professional chippers and the impact of storage time on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stem wood chips characteristics Laitila J., Routa J. (2015). Performance of a small and a medium sized professional chippers and the impact of storage time on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stem wood chips characteristics. Silva Fennica vol. 49 no. 5 article id 1382. 19 p. Highlights• The storage time of pulpwood had no significant effect on particle size distribution in any chip size classes.• The study confirms the knowledge that chipping time consumption is inversely proportional to engine power and grapple load size in feeding.• The use of an narrower 80 mm × 80 mm sieve on Scots pine material does not seem to offer any benefit compared to a 100 mm × 100 mm sieve from the perspective of chip quality. AbstractThe primary aim of this study was to clarify the chipping productivity and fuel consumption of tractor-powered and truck-mounted drum chippers when chipping pine pulpwood at a terminal. The secondary aim was to evaluate the impact of wood storage time on the chemical and physical technical specifications of wood chips by chipping pulpwood from eight different storage time groups, using Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) pulpwood stems logged between 2 and 21 months previously at the terminal with the above-mentioned chippers. Thirdly, the impact of sieve mesh size on the particle size distribution of wood chips from different age groups was compared by using an 80 mm × 80 mm sieve for a tractor-powered chipper and a 100 mm × 100 mm sieve for a truck-mounted chipper. With both chippers, the chipping productivity grew as a function of grapple load weight. The average chipping productivity of the tractor-powered chipper unit was 19 508 kg (dry mass) per effective hour (E 0 h), and for the truck-mounted chipper the average productivity was 31 184 kg E 0 h -1 . The tractor-powered drum chipper's fuel consumption was 3.1 litres and for the truck-mounted chipper 3.3 litres per chipped 1000 kg (dry mass). The amount of extractives or volatiles did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences between storage time groups. The particle size distributions with both chippers were quite uniform, and the storage time of pulpwood did not have a significant effect on the particle size distribution in any chip size classes. One reason for this might be that the basic density of chipped wood was homogenous and there was no statistical difference between different storage times. The use of new sharp knives is likely to have affected chip quality, as witnessed by the absence of oversized particles and the moderate presence of fines. The use of narrower 80 mm × 80 mm sieves on Scots pine material does not seem to offer any benefit compared to 100 mm × 100 mm from the chip quality point of view.2 Silva Fennica vol. 49 no. 5 article id 1382 · Laitila et al. · Performance of a small and a medium sized…

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“…The experiment consisted of a typical time-and-motion study, designed to evaluate machine productivity and to determine the potential for further improvement. 14 The study was conducted at the cycle level, defined as the sequence of tasks necessary to produce a full load of rootstock chunks. 15 Each work cycle was timed individually, using hand-held field computers, running dedicated time study software.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test of a new mobile machine for comminuting and cleaning rootstock waste

Spinelli

Aminti

Francesco

et al. 2018

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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A new shredder was designed for comminuting small‐size rootstocks from the termination of orchards and short‐rotation plantations. The new shredder is lighter than any similar models available on the market and is fitted with an integral star screen: these innovative characteristics allow the machine to work in‐field, leaving dirt on site and packing denser loads. The preliminary test conducted in this study lasted 13.2 h and produced 15 full containers, or 123 t of fresh chunks. Researchers measured the time required to fill each container, and associated it with its net weight. Samples were collected from each load in order to determine product moisture and dirt content. Productivity ranged most commonly between 8 and 10 t of fresh chunks (or 38 and 50 m3 of loose chunks) per scheduled hour, inclusive of all delays. Net shredding productivity was much higher and peaked at 17 t of fresh chunks or 80 m3 of loose chunks per hour, excluding delays. The shredding cost varied between 24 and 30 € t−1 of fresh chunks, including transportation to the plant yard. Prolonged storage at the field edge and effective screening resulted in a dramatic reduction of water and soil content, which were measured at 23% and 1% respectively. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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A new guide for work studies in forestry

Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

Unearthing the hidden resource: biomass from rootstock recovery

Unearthing the hidden resource: biomass from rootstock recovery

Performance of a small and a medium sized professional chippers and the impact of storage time on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stem wood chips characteristics

Test of a new mobile machine for comminuting and cleaning rootstock waste

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