A new glycoside from Polygala tenuifolia Willd

Astramalabaricosides A–T, Highly Oxygenated Malabaricane Triterpenoids with Migratory Inhibitory Activity from Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus

“…The planar structure of 2 exhibited a 2-acetamido-2-deoxypyranohexose unit, a 6-deoxypyranohexose unit, a pyranohexose unit, and a pyranopentose unit, while 3 had one more pyranopentose unit compared with 2 . A precise comparison of the 13 C NMR data of the sugar units with those of 1 and glycosides recorded in the literature, − the coupling constants, and acid hydrolysis showed that the sugar chains of 2 and 3 are 2- O -[2- O -(2-acetamido-2-deoxy - β- d -glucopyranosyl)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl]-6- O -(β- d -xylopyranosyl)-β- d -glucopyranosyl and 2- O -{2- O -[3- O -(α- l -arabinopyranosyl)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β- d -glucopyranosyl]-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl}-6- O -(β- d -xylopyranosyl)-β- d -glucopyranosyl, respectively. Therefore, compounds 2 and 3 were elucidated, in turn, as (3β,12β,14 R ,17 E ,23 S ,24 S )-3-{2- O -[2- O -(2-acetamido-2-deoxy - β- d -glucopyranosyl)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl]-6- O -(β- d -xylopyranosyl)-β- d -glucopyranosyloxy}-malabaric-17-en-12,14,23,24,25-pentol (astramalabaricoside B) and (3β,12β,14 R ,17 E ,23 S ,24 S )-3-{2- O -{2- O -[3- O -(α- l -arabinopyranosyl)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β- d -glucopyranosyl]-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl}-6- O -(β- d -xylopyranosyl)-β- d -glucopyranosyloxy}-malabaric-17-en-12,14,23,24,25-pentol (astramalabaricoside C).…”

On the Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine “Fu Zi”: Discovery, Research, and Development of Cardioactive Constituent Mesaconine

“…The plant material contained a high content of aconitine (8), up to 1%. It was not only rich in aconitine (8), but also easy to cultivate. It can be said without exaggeration that Aconitum soongoricum was the big savior of this project!…”

“…Later, one of my friends from Chengdu Pusi Biological Company expressed great concerns with this route from an industrial production point of view. The reason was that aconitine (8) together with the intermediate mesaconitine (9) are highly toxic. It was a blow in the head!…”

“…The search for cardioactive constituents has attracted the attention of many medicinal chemists for several decades. Historically, cardioactive compounds such as dl-demthylcoclaurine (1) [4], coryneine chloride (2) [5], salsaline (3) [6], uracil (4) [7] and fuzinoside (5) [8] were discovered before 2004 ( Fig. 2).…”

“…Notably, uracil ( 4 ) only displayed weak cardiac activity in anesthetized rats [ 9 ]. In 2014 we reported that the synthetic fuzinoside had no cardiac activity in the isolated bullfrog heart experiments [ 10 ], and its 13 C NMR data did not match those of fuzinoside reported in the literature [ 8 ], showing that the originally proposed structure of fuzinoside ( 5 ) was incorrect [ 10 ].

Fig.

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