A new gigantopterid taxon Paragigantopteris qingloongensis gen. et sp. nov. from the Permian (Wuchiapingian) of southwestern China: Taxonomic and biogeographic implications

Ma, Feifei; Sun, Bainian; Li, Hongqi; Liu, Song; Zhou, Guanghong; Ling, Chen-Chen; Hu, Xiao-Pan; Han, Dong‐Dong; Wang, Qiujun

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2022.104625

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, many genera share the presence of suture veins, such as Cathaysiopteris , Cathaysiopteridium Li, Delnortea , Euparyphoselis , Evolsonia , some Gigantopteridium , Gothanopteris G.Koidzumi, Lonesomia Weber, Neogigantopteridium Yang, Palaeogoniopteris G.Koidzumi, and Zeilleropteris , with others lacking this feature ( Gigantopteris Schenk ex. Potonié, Gigantonoclea Koidzumi, Filigigantopteris Zhou, Chen, Sun, He, Hilton et Wang, and Paragigantopteris Fu‐Jun Ma et Qiu‐Jun Wang (Glasspool et al ., 2004; DiMichele et al ., 2011; Zhou et al ., 2021; Ma et al ., 2022)). In general though, venation in gigantopterids is much more regular than in Furcula , with anastomoses commonly arranged in a herringbone‐like pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel evolution of angiosperm‐like venation in Peltaspermales: a reinvestigation of Furcula

Coiro,

McLoughlin,

Steinthorsdottir

et al. 2024

New Phytologist

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Summary Leaf venation is a pivotal trait in the success of vascular plants. Whereas gymnosperms have single or sparsely branched parallel veins, angiosperms developed a hierarchical structure of veins that form a complex reticulum. Its physiological consequences are considered to have enabled angiosperms to dominate terrestrial ecosystems in the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Although a hierarchical‐reticulate venation also occurs in some groups of extinct seed plants, it is unclear whether these are stem relatives of angiosperms or have evolved these traits in parallel. Here, we re‐examine the morphology of the enigmatic foliage taxon Furcula, a potential early Mesozoic angiosperm relative, and argue that its hierarchical vein network represents convergent evolution (in the Late Triassic) with flowering plants (which developed in the Early Cretaceous) based on details of vein architecture and the absence of angiosperm‐like stomata and guard cells. We suggest that its nearest relatives are Peltaspermales similar to Scytophyllum and Vittaephyllum, the latter being a genus that originated during the Late Triassic (Carnian) and shares a hierarchical vein system with Furcula. We further suggest that the evolution of hierarchical venation systems in the early Permian, the Late Triassic, and the Early Cretaceous represent ‘natural experiments’ that might help resolve the selective pressures enabling this trait to evolve.

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