A New Genus of African Monkey,
            <i>Rungwecebus</i>
            : Morphology, Ecology, and Molecular Phylogenetics

Davenport, Tim R.B.; Stanley, William T.; Sargis, Eric J.; Luca, Daniela W. De; Mpunga, Noah E.; Machaga, Sophy J.; Olson, Link E.

doi:10.1126/science.1125631

Cited by 112 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Results based on nuclear sequences were mixed, with two sequences (X-chromosome intergenic region, LPA) strongly supporting the Papio-kipunji sister relationship, one (1, 3-GT) providing weak support, and two (TSPY, CD4) failing to resolve the LPT clade. These results, as well as the apparent absence of shared features between the kipunji and Papio, led Davenport et al (2006) to erect a new genus, Rungwecebus.…”

Section: Developmental Simulation Of Rungwecebusmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Following Harris (2000), the Lophocebus-Papio-Theropithecus (LPT) clade is shown as an unresolved trichotomy. Nuclear sequences suggest a sister relationship (arrow) between Rungwecebus and Papio (Davenport et al, 2006;Olson et al, 2008); however, kipunji mitochondrial sequences cluster within Papio and closest to southeastern populations of Papio hamadryas cynocephalus (Burrell et al, 2009;Zinner et al, 2009). …”

Section: Background Papionin Phylogeny and Rungwecebus Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This matter was revisited when the first physical voucher specimen, an M1-stage juvenile male with permanent incisors erupting (see Fig. 2), provided genetic material for phylogenetic analysis (Davenport et al, 2006;Olson et al, 2008). Mitochondrial sequences (12s rRNA, COI, and COII) consistently linked the kipunji with Papio to Fig.…”

Section: Background Papionin Phylogeny and Rungwecebus Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following its discovery in 2003, the kipunji was referred to the mangabey genus Lophocebus (Jones et al, 2005;Ehardt and Butynski, 2006), but subsequent molecular phylogenetic analyses found it to be the sister taxon to the baboon genus Papio (Davenport et al, 2006;Olson et al, 2008). To accommodate this new papionin, the monotypic genus Rungwecebus was created .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This specimen's immaturity prevents the evaluation of many characters considered diagnostic for African papionins (Fleagle and McGraw, 2002;Davenport et al, 2006;McGraw and Fleagle, 2006;Gilbert, 2007), hindering conventional assessments of its morphological affinities. Singleton's (2009) comparative analysis of subadult papionin cranial shape found the kipunji juvenile to be morphometrically distinct from other papionins at a level consistent with generic status and to have stronger phenetic affinities to macaques and Cercocebus than to its closest relatives, Lophocebus and Papio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bringing Up Baby: Developmental Simulation of the Adult Cranial Morphology of Rungwecebus Kipunji

Singleton

McNulty

Frost

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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Rungwecebus kipunji is a recently discovered, critically endangered primate endemic to southern Tanzania. Although phenetically similar to mangabeys, molecular analyses suggest it is more closely related to Papio or possibly descended from an ancient population of baboon-mangabey hybrids. At present, only a single kipunji specimen, an M1-stage juvenile male, is available for study; thus, the cranial morphology of the adult kipunji is unknown. In this study, we used developmental simulation to estimate the adult kipunji's 3D cranial morphology. We examined variation in cercopithecine developmental vectors, applied selected vectors to the juvenile cranium, and compared the resulting simulated adults to actual adult male papionins. Differences between papionin developmental vectors were small and statistically insignificant. This uniformity suggests conservation of an ancestral papionin developmental program. Simulated kipunji adults were likewise extremely similar. As a group, the simulated adults were morphometrically distinct from other papionins, corroborating the kipunji's generic status. Simulated adults were phenetically most similar to Lophocebus aterrimus but were distinguished from all adult papionins by the same unique traits that characterize the kipunji juvenile: a tall neurocranium, broad face, short nasal bones, concave anteorbital profile, and dorsally rotated palate. This concordance between juvenile and estimated-adult morphologies confirms that papionin cranial shape is largely established before M1 eruption. The estimated kipunji adult's neurocranium strongly resembles that of Papio, providing the first cranial evidence supporting their phylogenetic relationship. If the kipunji does indeed have a hybrid origin, then its phenetic affinity to L. aterrimus favors Lophocebus as the proto-kipunji's paternal lineage. Anat Rec, 293:388-401, 2010. V V C 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Developmental Simulation Of Rungwecebusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Background Papionin Phylogeny and Rungwecebus Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Papionin Phylogeny and Rungwecebus Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Bringing Up Baby: Developmental Simulation of the Adult Cranial Morphology of Rungwecebus Kipunji

Singleton

McNulty

Frost

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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Diversity of Life

Minelli

2012

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Diversity of life (also called biological diversity or biodiversity) is the variety of living systems. It may refer to extant organisms, but also to their diversity in the past. It is usually meant to encompass multiple levels of biological systems, from the gene level, through the level of populations and species, up to the communities of organisms and the ecosystems to which they belong. Habitat fragmentation and host specialisation are two of the major causes explaining the origin of the multiplication of living species in the course of evolutionary history. About 2 million species have been described to date and some 17 000–19 000 new entries are added every year to this list. The number of living species existing on Earth is unknown, current estimates favouring figures in the range of 8–12 millions. Key Concepts: There are three major ranks of biological diversity on Earth, at the gene, species and ecosystem level respectively. Species diversity is fostered mainly by geographical isolation and by strict interspecific relationships such as parasitism, food specialisation and plant pollination by insects. All animal phyla are represented in the sea and several phyla including echinoderms, ctenophores and brachiopods are exclusively marine, but only 15% of all living species described to date inhabit the sea. Insects represent more than one half of the total species‐level biological diversity on Earth. Key events in the history of life were the Cambrian ‘explosion’ and the invasion of land by plants (Middle Silurian), arthropods (Upper Silurian) and vertebrates (Upper Devonian). The history of biological diversity was punctuated by major critical events (mass extinctions) of which the most severe marks the end of the Palaeozoic era. Recent descriptions of previously unknown species include a few cetaceans and other large animals as well as small animals representing completely new classes or phyla, such as Loricifera, Cicliophora and Micrognathozoa. A sensible approach to estimating the number of existing species is to compare the number of described and undescribed species collected by prolonged sampling efforts in biologically rich and hitherto less investigated areas. Global estimates of existing biodiversity range from 5 to 130 million species, a figure of 8–12 millions being currently favoured.

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Classification of Nonhuman Primates

Voevodin¹,

Marx

2009

Simian Virology

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A New Genus of African Monkey, Rungwecebus : Morphology, Ecology, and Molecular Phylogenetics

Cited by 112 publications

References 12 publications

Bringing Up Baby: Developmental Simulation of the Adult Cranial Morphology of Rungwecebus Kipunji

Bringing Up Baby: Developmental Simulation of the Adult Cranial Morphology of Rungwecebus Kipunji

Diversity of Life

Classification of Nonhuman Primates

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