A New Endophytic Fusarium Oxysporum Gibberellic Acid: Optimization of Production Using Combined Strategies of Experimental Designs and Potency on Tomato Growth under Stress Condition

Abstract

This study reports the potential of the endophytic fungi identified as a Fusarium oxysporum to produce gibberellic acid (GA3). The GA3 production was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography. To improve the production of this phytohormone under solid state fermentation (SSF), successive optimization strategies were used. Firstly, Plackett-Burman design was applied for screening medium components and culture condition. Under the optimized condition, GA3 yield (7.14 g/kg) was 2.62-fold higher than by the use of the initial condition (2.72 g/kg). The concentration of the most influential parameters and their interaction were optimized with a Box-Behnken experimental design. The optimized condition led to a 1.14-fold enhancement in GA3 production, reaching 8.16 g/kg. The GA3 crude extract obtained by SSF was then used to study its ameliorative role on adverse salinity effect on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The interactive effects of different GA3 concentrations were examined on morphological and physiological parameters of tomato plants. The application of GA3 (10 -6 M) under salt stress condition (100 mM) was found to improve growth and physiological parameters including plant height, total chlorophyll, starch, and proline contents. The exogenous application of GA3 is a potent strategy to reverse abiotic stress that affect the agricultural productivity and limit plant growth and yield.

Imperative role of sugar signaling and transport during drought stress responses in plants

“…The role of gibberellic acid (GA) in conferring sugar‐mediated drought stress tolerance has been documented, for example, GA is involved in augmenting the sucrose and dry matter content in sugarcane (Rai et al, 2017). Further, external application of 10 mM of gibberellic acid on tomato was shown to enhance sugar and proline content, which function as osmoprotectants and help in improve plant growth characteristics under salt mediated osmotic stress conditions (Ben Rhouma et al, 2020).…”

Scaling-up production of cost-effective and eco-friendly bio-fertilizer and its application on Barley green fodder via IoT hydroponic system

“…Indeed, the key parameters such as pH, agitation, airflow, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and feeding pumps were affected by large-scale production of microbial mass production [16,18]. Many studies have been reported to evaluate the cultivation parameters for Trichoderma sp., by using a submerged fermentation system to increase its bioactive metabolites as well as conidia [14][15][16][17]. To detect perfect conditions for transposing the cultivation of endophytic T. harzianum to the industrial scale, the batch and exponential fedbatch fermentation modes were applied in our work.…”

“…Additionally, the tested microbial cells must survive multiple processing stages without destroying their quality and quantity [14]. Therefore, there are low-cost materials such as agro-wastes that have been utilized as carbon and nitrogen sources for culturing microbial cells to reduce production line costs [14][15][16][17]. For the commercial scale-up approach, two distinct fermentation systems called solid-state and submerged fermentation were applied accordingly to the sensitivity of microbial cells.…”

“…For the commercial scale-up approach, two distinct fermentation systems called solid-state and submerged fermentation were applied accordingly to the sensitivity of microbial cells. Through solid-state fermentation, the microbial cells are cultivated using non-soluble organic solid substrates as nutrient sources [16,17]. This fermentation system requires lengthy fermentation periods, which increase the cost of the manufacturing line.…”

Paecilomyces sp. ZB is a cell factory for the production of gibberellic acid using a cheap substrate in solid state fermentation

“…Many commercially important products have been produced by SSF using cow dung ( Vijayaraghavan et al, 2016 ). Recently, gibberellic acid production has been optimized for Fusarium oxysporum using various optimization strategies and the potency was evaluated under stress condition ( Ben Rhouma et al, 2020 ). The application of gibberellic acid and advances were recently reported by de Camara et al (2018) .…”