A new class of high speed disconnect switch based on piezoelectric actuators

Graber, Lukas; Smith, Spencer E.; Soto, Dionne; Nowak, I.; Owens, J.F.; Steurer, M.

doi:10.1109/ests.2015.7157910

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Whereas known analytical relationships between the geometric parameters in (2) were used as initial guidelines for the PB design, only a few studies have reported on the breakdown voltage of PZT layers [45], [46], which is extremely important for the current study due to the intended longterm operation of the PB under a relatively high DC voltage. As such, the PZT electric field strength was kept below 1.5 kV/mm.…”

Section: B Design and Analysis Of The Pb For Pesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Piezoelectric Emergency Opening Sub-System to Improve the Safety and Reliability of Zero-Holding-Energy Permanent Magnet Magnetic Contactors

Gabdullin

2020

IEEE Access

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Conventional switchgear such as relays and magnetic contactors (MC) continuously consume energy to maintain an open and/or closed state, contributing to unnecessary energy consumption, dissipation, and heating. The minimization of such losses has become an important topic in recent years, leading to the development of more energy-efficient technologies such as permanent magnet (PM) MCs. However, concerns regarding the safety and reliability of PM MCs hindered the development of a zero-holding-energy PM MC (ZMC) due to the loss of the controllability in emergency scenarios (such as power outages). This paper presents a novel piezoelectric emergency subsystem (PES) that monitors the state of the input power source and opens the ZMC in emergency circumstances. The proposed PES consumes no energy upon charging its piezoelectric element, thus allowing the holding energy of the complete ZMC-PES system to remain zero without affecting the normal operating regimes of the ZMC. Because the application of the PES causes the ZMC to act as a normally-open MC, the ZMC-PES system can be conveniently controlled using traditional solenoid MC control strategies, enabling an easy transition from the conventional to the proposed technologies. The feasibility of the proposed PES is verified using data obtained from a fabricated prototype of a complete ZMC-PES system. The proposed system is promising not only for industrial grids, but also for vehicular microgrids as in electric aircrafts and ships where energy efficiency translated into the increased battery lifetime.INDEX TERMS Emergency sub-system, magnetic contactor, permanent magnet, piezoelectric cantilever, zero-holding-energy.

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Section: B Design and Analysis Of The Pb For Pesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Piezoelectric Emergency Opening Sub-System to Improve the Safety and Reliability of Zero-Holding-Energy Permanent Magnet Magnetic Contactors

Gabdullin

2020

IEEE Access

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“…During the last few decades, piezoelectric actuators and ultrasonic motors have been widely employed in many fields including micro-positioning [1], semiconductor manufacturing [2] and biomedical applications [3]. Particularly, ultrasonic motors are widely used for variable apertures [4], optical cross-connect switches [5] and circuit breakers [6]. Major advantages of the ultrasonic motor are mainly high accuracy, self-locking force, instantaneous response time and high switching speed [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersed operating time control of a mechanical switch actuated by an ultrasonic motor

Li¹,

Yao²,

Zhou³

et al. 2018

J. vibroeng.

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The ultrasonic motor is an uncertain time-varying nonlinear system because of the nonlinearity of the piezoelectric material, the friction and the temperature. For example, the operating time of the mechanical switch actuated by the ultrasonic motor in regular stroke is highly dispersed. Unfortunately, it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical model. In this paper, an analytical autoregressive process model (AR) is employed to identify and control the ultrasonic motor. First of all, dispersed operating time of the mechanical switch actuated by the ultrasonic motor is investigated. Then, the AR model is established to predict the operating time of the ultrasonic motor on the basis of the statistical data to reduce the nonlinear behavior of the ultrasonic motor, and to improve the accuracy and obtain a good time response of the switch. The simulation results are agreed with experimental results, confirming the effectiveness of proposed model. Furthermore, we adopt the predicted result of the AR model to control the mechanical switch actuated by the ultrasonic motor. The analytical investigation is fulfilled with two target operating time ranges, namely 12 ms and 24 ms. Comparison of the results obtained from the AR model and the experimentation reveal that the standard deviations are less than 95.3 μs and 102.7 μs with maximum errors equal to 0.41 % and 0.44 % respectively. Thereby, the proposed dispersed operating time control is performed. Findings indicate that the maximum errors for the operating time of the mechanical switch are less than 140 μs and 110 μs with ±0.85 % and ±0.42 % respectively.

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“…Considering these features, a piezoelectric-actuator-based high-speed disconnect switch design is being studied for cryogenic applications. The ambient-temperature counterpart is covered by an ongoing research project funded by the National Science Foundation that focuses on fault isolation devices for the FREEDM Systems Center [24] .…”

Section: Cold Actuated Switchgearmentioning

confidence: 99%