A new balance formula to estimate new particle formation rate:
reevaluating the effect of coagulation scavenging

Cai, Runlong; Jiang, Jingkun

doi:10.5194/acp-2017-199

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…This is in line with previous studies, which reported calibrations for DEG based CPCs with organic test aerosol (Jiang et al 2011a;Kangasluoma et al 2014). Few recent studies have reported atmospheric particle concentration measurements with DMPS systems even down to sub-2 nm sizes (Cai and Jiang 2017;Jiang et al 2011b;Kuang et al 2012). The prerequisite for the success of such studies is that the particles can be detected with DEG.…”

Section: Comparison To the Long-term Dmpssupporting

confidence: 91%

Laboratory verification of a new high flow differential mobility particle sizer, and field measurements in Hyytiälä

Kangasluoma

Ahonen

Laurila

et al. 2018

Journal of Aerosol Science

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Measurement of atmospheric sub-10 nm nanoparticle number concentrations has been of substantial interest recently, which, however, is subject to considerable uncertainty. We report a laboratory characterization of a high flow differential mobility particle sizer (HFDMPS), which is based on the Halfmini type differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and nano condensation nuclei counter (A11), and show the first results from atmospheric observations. The HFDMPS utilizes the state-of-the-art aerosol technology, and is optimized for sub-10 nm particle size distribution measurements by a moderate resolution DMA, optimized and characterized low-loss particle sampling line and minimal dilution in the detector. We present an exhaustive laboratory calibration to the HFDMPS and compare the measured size data to the Hyytiälä long-term DMPS and Neutral cluster and ion spectrometer. The HFDMPS detects about two times higher 3-10 nm particle concentrations than the long-term DMPS, and the counting uncertainties are halved as compared to the long-term DMPS. The HFDMPS did not observe any sub-2.5 nm particles in Hyytiälä, and the reason for that was shown to be the inability of diethylene glycol to condense on such small biogenic particles. Last, we discuss the general implications of our results to the sub-10 nm DMPS based measurements.

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Section: Comparison To the Long-term Dmpssupporting

confidence: 91%

Laboratory verification of a new high flow differential mobility particle sizer, and field measurements in Hyytiälä

Kangasluoma

Ahonen

Laurila

et al. 2018

Journal of Aerosol Science

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“…Aerosol concentrations in Beijing are usually much higher than those in clean environments. The annual average PM 2.5 mass concentration in 2016 was 73 µg m −3 (reported by the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau), and the average A Fuchs measured in Beijing by this campaign was 381.5 µm 2 cm −3 , which is approximately a magnitude higher than those measured in clean environments, such as in Hyytiälä (Dal Maso et al, 2002). Differently from the comparatively slow accumulation and depletion process of aerosol concentrations in clean environments, A Fuchs in Beijing may change rapidly because of changes in air mass origins (Wehner et al, 2008) or accumulation of pollutants.…”

Section: R Cai Et Al: Aerosol Surface Area Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 61%

Aerosol Surface Area Concentration: a Governing Factor for New Particle Formation in Beijing

Cai¹,

Yang²,

Fu³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. The predominating role of aerosol Fuchs surface area, AFuchs, in determining the occurrence of new particle formation (NPF) events in Beijing was elucidated in this study. Analysis was based on a field campaign from March 12th to April 6th, 2016, in Beijing, during which aerosol size distributions down to ~&#8201;1&#8201;nm and sulfuric acid concentration were simultaneously monitored. The 26 days were classified into 11 typical NPF days, 2 undefined days, and 13 non-event days. A dimensionless factor, L&#915;, characterizing the relative ratio of the coagulation scavenging rate over the condensational growth rate and predicting whether or not a NPF event would occur (Kuang et al., 2010), was applied. The three parameters determining L&#915; are sulfuric acid concentration, the growth enhancement factor characterizing contribution of other gaseous precursors to particle growth, &#915;, and AFuchs. Different from other atmospheric environment such as in Boulder and Hyyti&#228;l&#228;, the variations of daily maximum sulfuric acid concentration and &#915; in Beijing are in a narrow range with geometric standard deviations of 1.40 and 1.31, respectively. Positive correlation was found between estimated new particle formation rate, J1.5, and sulfuric acid concentration with a mean fitted exponent of 2.4. However, sulfuric acid concentration on NPF days is not significantly higher than that on non-event days. Instead, AFuchs varies greatly among days in Beijing with a geometric standard deviation of 2.56, while it is relatively stable at other locations such as Tecamac, Atlanta, and Boulder. Good correlation was found between AFuchs and L&#915; in Beijing (R2&#8201;=&#8201;0.88). It appears that the abundance of gaseous precursors such as sulfuric acid in Beijing is high enough to have nucleation, however, it is AFuchs that determines the occurrence of NPF event in Beijing. 10 in 11 NPF events occurred when AFuchs is smaller than 200&#8201;&#956;m2/cm3, and the NPF event was suppressed due to coagulation scavenging when AFuchs is larger than 200&#8201;&#956;m2/cm3. Measured AFuchs is in good correlation with PM2.5 mass concentration (R2&#8201;=&#8201;0.85) since AFuchs in Beijing is mainly determined by particles in the size range of 50&#8211;500&#8201;nm that also contribute to PM2.5 mass concentration.

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“…Time evolution of an aerosol population is described by the general dynamic equation which was rearranged, simplified and approximated by several quantities (Kulmala et al, 2001;Dal Maso et al, 2002;Cai and Jiang, 2017) to express the formation rate J6 of particles with the smallest detected diameter of dmin=6 nm in a form actually utilised in the present evaluation as Atmos. Chem.…”

Section: Dynamic and Timing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CC BY 4.0 License. selection of the particle diameter channels (interval), choice of the time interval of interest (for linear fits), sensitivity of the models to the uncertainties (Vuollekoski et al, 2012), and also on the extent of the validity of the assumptions appliedparticularly under highly polluted conditions (Cai and Jiang, 2017). The situation is further complicated with the fact that the dynamic (and also the timing) properties are connected to each other.…”

Section: Dynamic and Timing Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of dynamic and timing properties of new aerosol particle formation and consecutive growth events

Salma

Németh

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Dynamic properties, i.e. particle formation rate J6 and particle diameter growth rate GR10, and timing properties, i.e. starting time (t1) and duration time interval (&#916;t) of 247 quantifiable (class 1A) atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) and consecutive particle diameter growth events identified in the city centre and near-city background of Budapest over 6 full measurement years together with related gas-phase H2SO4 proxy, condensation sink (CS) of vapours, basic meteorological data and concentrations of criteria pollutant gases were derived, evaluated, discussed and interpreted. In the city centre, nucleation ordinarily starts at 09:15 UTC+1, and it is maintained for approximately 3&#8201;h. The NPF and growth events produce 4.6 aerosol particles with a diameter of 6&#8201;nm in 1&#8201;cm3 of air in 1&#8201;s, and cause the particles with a diameter of 10&#8201;nm to grow with a typical rate of 7.3&#8201;nm&#8201;h&#8722;1. Nucleation starts approximately 1&#8201;h earlier in the near-city background, it shows substantially smaller J6 (with a median of 2.0&#8201;cm&#8722;3&#8201;s&#8722;1) and GR10 values (with a median of 5.0&#8201;nm&#8201;h&#8722;1), while the duration of nucleation is similar to that in the centre. Monthly distributions of the dynamic properties and daily maximum H2SO4 proxy do not follow the mean monthly pattern of the event occurrence frequency. The factors that control the event occurrence and that govern the intensity of particle formation and growth are not directly linked. Condensing atmospheric chemical species and/or their processes in the city centre seem to contribute equally to new particle formation and particle growth. In the near-city background, however, chemical compounds available and their processes power particle growth more than particle formation. There is a minimum growth rate of approximately 1.8&#8201;nm&#8201;h&#8722;1 that is required for nucleated particles to reach the lower end of the diameter interval measured (6&#8201;nm) under the actual/local conditions. Monthly distributions and relationships among the properties mentioned provided several indirect evidence that chemical species other than H2SO4 largely influence the particle growth and possibly atmospheric NPF process as well. The J6, GR10 and &#916;t can be described by log-normal distribution. Most of the extreme dynamic properties could not be explained by H2SO4 proxy, CS, meteorological data or pollutant gas concentrations. Approximately 40&#8201;% of the NPF and growth events exhibited broad beginning, which can be an urban feature. For 9&#8201;% of all cases, it was feasible to calculate 2 separate sets of dynamic properties. The later onset frequently shows more intensive particle formation and growth than the first onset by a typical factor of approximately 1.4. The first event is of regional type, while the second event, superimposed on the first, is often associated with sub-regional, thus urban NPF and growth process.

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A new balance formula to estimate new particle formation rate: reevaluating the effect of coagulation scavenging

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Laboratory verification of a new high flow differential mobility particle sizer, and field measurements in Hyytiälä

Laboratory verification of a new high flow differential mobility particle sizer, and field measurements in Hyytiälä

Aerosol Surface Area Concentration: a Governing Factor for New Particle Formation in Beijing

Consequences of dynamic and timing properties of new aerosol particle formation and consecutive growth events

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