A new approach to the readout of cryogenic ionization detectors: GeFRO

Cattadori, C.; Gallese, Benedetto; Giachero, A.; Gotti, C.; Maino, M.; Pessina, G.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/6/05/p05006

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Concerning the feedback components, the values chosen for our prototype are R F = 500 MΩ, C F = 0.9 pF (C F already includes the parasitic contributions due to R F and layout). In the first version of the GeFRO, as reported in [4], [5], only a Schottky diode was used as the feedback element, which served at the same time as the (non linear) large value resistor and capacitor. It was then found difficult to find a Schottky diode with a high degree of radiopurity, while on the contrary Silicon resistors in bare die of high radiopurity were found to be commercially available, with values ranging up to 150 MΩ (MSTF 6SS-15005 J-E from Mini-Systems, Inc.).…”

Section: The Gefro Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "slow" output of a classic charge amplifier (anyway optimized for the maximum achievable closed-loop bandwidth) can be used to measure the total deposited charge, while a "fast" open loop output provides the complementary information at high frequency. The core ideas behind the "fast" output were already described in previous publications [4], [5]. In this paper several circuit improvements were introduced to overcome open issues related to small variations of the capacitance at the input node, which could be caused by variations in the counting rate or by mechanical vibrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GeFRO: a New Charge Sensitive Amplifier Design with a Minimal Number of Front-end Components

Cassina¹,

Cattadori²,

Giachero³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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A new approach was developed for the design of front-end circuits for semiconductor radiation detectors. The readout scheme consists of a first stage made of only a few components located close to the detector, and of a remote second stage located far from the detector, several meters away. The second stage amplifies the signals from the first stage and closes the feedback loop to discharge the input node after each event.The circuit has two outputs: one gives a "fast" signal, with a bandwidth larger than 20 MHz, allowing to preserve the high frequency components of the detector signals, which may be useful for timing measurements, pile-up rejection or pulse shape discrimination. The second output gives a "slow" signal, whose gain depends only on the value of the feedback capacitor, as happens with a classic charge sensitive amplifier, allowing to obtain higher resolution and lower drift. The prototype was named GeFRO for Germanium front-end, and was tested with a BEGe detector from Canberra. The wide bandwidth of the "fast" signal gave a timing resolution of the order of 20 ns. The noise of the circuit at the "slow" output after a 10 µs Gaussian shaping was close to 160 e − RMS with an input capacitance of 26 pF.

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Section: The Gefro Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GeFRO: a New Charge Sensitive Amplifier Design with a Minimal Number of Front-end Components

Cassina¹,

Cattadori²,

Giachero³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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“…To read out each wire, we are designing a custom preamplifier based on the GeFRO design from the GERDA experiment [9]. In this design, only a small portion of the preamplifier is inside the xenon volume, then a two-meter transmission line will lead outside the volume to the rest of the …”

Section: B Position-sensing Wiresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and design of two-phase liquid-Xenon compton-imaging detector

Wahl

Bernard

Kachulis

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC)

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PIXeY (Particle Identification in Xenon at Yale) is an R&D detector that uses xenon in gas-phase, liquid-phase, or two phase mode. It features drift and proportional electric field regions set with 92%-transparent wire grids, highly reflective Teflon walls, and 14 high-quantum-efficiency PMTs (Hamamatsu R8778) to record both initial scintillation light (SI) andproportional scintillation light (S2) from the drifting of charge in the proportional region. It promises energy resolution and gamma/neutron discrimination that are competitive with previous systems. Recently, PIXeY has run stably for 12 weeks and the first data have been collected. Initial results are presented, along with planned design modifications that will transform PIXeY into a Compton imager. Crossed wires with 3-mm spacing will be used to record interaction locations. A preamp to read out each wire is also being designed to fulfill space and noise constraints. Finally, in order to precisely know the energy from each gamma-ray interaction, the scintillation light from each interaction must be distinguished from that due to others. Simulation is used to determine the optimal optical segmentation of the active volume using thin Teflon walls.

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“…The circuit solution was named GeFRO (Germanium FROnt end), and was reported in [3]. It consists of a small front-end stage located at cold, close to the detectors, and a remote warm second stage located outside the cryostat and connected to the first with long (about 10 meters) transmission lines.…”

Section: The Gefro Front-end Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Schottky diode, compared to a standard silicon diode, allows a larger range 978-1-4673-0120-6/11/$26.00 ©20 11 IEEE of detector leakage currents to flow, and shows a dynamic resistance of the order of tenths of Gfl at cold, when biased with 10 pA, the typical leakage current value for GERDA phase II detectors. A description of the circuit in deeper detail can be found in [3].…”

Section: The Gefro Front-end Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

GeFRO, a new front-end approach for the phase II of the GERDA experiment

Cattadori

Giachero

Gotti

et al. 2011

2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record

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Ahstract-A novel approach was developed for the readout of ionization detectors in cryogenic environments. It was proposed for the phase II of the GERDA experiment at LNGS, and it is currently under test by the GERDA collaboration. The readout scheme consists of a JFET and a diode operated at cold, close to the detector for the best noise performances, and of a remote second stage of amplification located at room temperature. The second stage provides a slow feedback loop through the diode to discharge the input node after each event. The fact that only two components are located at cold allows to minimize the amount of mass contributed by the electronics close to the detector: this is a very remarkable aspect when radiopurity issues are concerned. The first protoype was named GeFRO (Germanium FROnt-end), and it was succesfully tested with a coaxial High Purity Germanium detector of 20 pF capacitance from GERDA phase I, obtaining a zero-energy resolution of 1.1 keV, and with a Broad Energy Germanium detector of about 1 pF from GERDA phase II, where the zero energy resolution improved to 0.95 ke V thanks to the reduced detector capacitance.

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A new approach to the readout of cryogenic ionization detectors: GeFRO

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

GeFRO: a New Charge Sensitive Amplifier Design with a Minimal Number of Front-end Components

GeFRO: a New Charge Sensitive Amplifier Design with a Minimal Number of Front-end Components

Status and design of two-phase liquid-Xenon compton-imaging detector

GeFRO, a new front-end approach for the phase II of the GERDA experiment

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