A new approach to regenerative medicine in gynecology

Abstract

Therapies based on the autologous grafting of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are known to effectively accelerate the skin's healing and the regenerative processes of mesenchymal tissues. [1][2][3] Regenerative medicine mostly uses adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), which are pluripotent adult progenitor cells derived from embryonic connective tissue. 3,4 Adipose tissue is found throughout the adult human body in bone marrow, adipose tissue, muscle, and dermis. 3,4 ADSC share similar characteristics with bone marrow mesenchymal cells. Still, they have some advantages, including their easy availability and harvesting through a less invasive surgical procedure. 3,[5][6][7] Compared with the bone marrow, the adipose tissue is richer in adult MSCs and stromal components (the stromal vascular fraction [SVF]). 6,7 ADSC have the potential to differentiate into mesodermal cells (e.g. adipocytes, cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle) and cells of non-mesodermal lineage (e.g. neurons, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial cells). 3,6,7 Moreover, ADSC can release trophic and soluble factors with anti-fibrotic, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic properties that provide ADSC with regenerative and immune-modulatory activities. 3,7 The ADSCs regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties currently find therapeutic applications in various medical fields including, but not limited to, reconstructive and esthetic surgery

The Concept behind the Suitability of Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells for the Management of Vaginal Atrophy among BRCA Mutation Carriers after RRSO

“…Nevertheless, MenSC have already been extensively applied in preclinical studies and in some clinical research, with many of them revealing positive and successful outcomes in a variety of diseases. Gynecological applications of this novel therapy are summarized in Figure 2 [13,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Some novel strategies for the use of MenSC in treatment have been comprehensively studied.…”

“…In regenerative medicine, MSC are the most frequently used cell type due to their remarkable characteristics, including multilineage differentiation and paracrine effect capabilities [13,38]. This population of stem cells can be found in many tissues such as bone marrow, umbilical cord, periodontal ligament, and adipose tissue (adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, ADMSC).…”

“…Recently, in a cohort of 11 post-menopausal patients who received one session of multiple injections of mechanically fragmented adipose tissue using the SEFFIGYN™ device, Mantovani et al observed a notable attenuation of symptoms related to vaginal atrophy and an improvement in vulvar trophism in all patients during a 5-month follow-up period [38].…”

Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as a Natural Scaffold for Targeted Drug Delivery in Brain Cancer

“…The clinical applications in which adipose-tissue-derived MSCs, and/or MFAT, have demonstrated effectiveness include various surgical specialties [4,5]. For example, menopausal women suffering from lichen sclerosis became asymptomatic concomitant with complete epithelial regeneration of the vulva, over a period of more than a year after 2 of 11 multiple subdermal targeted injections of autologous MFAT [6]. Whilst, in a case study, a 35-year-old woman was successfully treated for vesicouterine fistula using MFAT injection together with endoscopic repair, resulting in complete resolution of the pathology [7].…”