“…There are many cooperative HIS models (Aknine and Aknine, 1999); but, these models are developed as warehouses containing patient information (Skilton et al, 2008) and they are limited by their capability to react to system changes, especially in the circulation and updating of new data, knowledge and information (Kirikova, 2009). Over time, new requirements of cooperation among physicians will emerge to design cooperative HISs environment, where they need to Science Publications JCS maximize information sharing in order to provide accurate information in an appropriate and timely manner to support physicians' decisions, hence producing better healthcare services (Skilton et al, 2007). Thus, the cooperation among physicians becomes an important issue in a developing cooperative HISs environment; but such an environment needs to overcome many challenges, such as the difficulty of managing and controlling huge data in complex healthcare systems; the maintenance autonomy for each site; flexibility approach for cooperative requirement in accommodating the dynamic nature of health services; and acquiring real-time new knowledge from external environments to produce a multi-expert care team.…”