A new application of carbon nanotubes nanofluid as working fluid of low-temperature direct absorption solar collector

Karami, Maryam; Bahabadi, Mohammad Ali Akhavan; Delfani, Shahram; Ghozatloo, Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.004

Cited by 241 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…an Experimental Study Conductivity (Karami et al, 2014;Keblinski et al, 2002). In addition, Mizuno et al (2009) found that a CNT acts as a blackbody in the heat transfer mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Performance of Carbon Nanotube Nanofluids in Solar Microchannel Collectors: an Experimental Study

Ahlatli¹,

Maré²,

Estellé³

et al. 2016

IJTech

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Many studies show that nanofluids, especially with carbon nanotubes, improve heat transfer. Other studies show that a nanofluid is a good candidate for solar systems because of its good absorptivity. We are facing an increasing number of miniaturized and more powerful systems. Especially in microelectronics, small heat sinks with high heat transfer are being developed, called micro-channel heat sinks (MCHS). In this paper, the heat transfer behavior of carbon nanotube-water nanofluid in a microchannel solar collector is studied experimentally. The exchanger is composed of 16 micro-channel hydraulic diameters of 1 mm and a glass or quartz cover with a surface area of 25 cm 2 . Solar radiation is simulated by a halogen lamp. The experimental set-up includes a solar meter, pressure, and temperature sensors, and it is allowed to control the flow. The nanofluid is a solution of water containing a 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.5% weight fraction, respectively, of the carbon nanotubes, which are 9.2 nm in diameter and 1.5 µm in length. Viscosity and density are measured experimentally. The evolution of efficiency and the pressure drop are presented according to the Reynolds number and are compared with the results obtained with distilled water.

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“…an Experimental Study Conductivity (Karami et al, 2014;Keblinski et al, 2002). In addition, Mizuno et al (2009) found that a CNT acts as a blackbody in the heat transfer mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Performance of Carbon Nanotube Nanofluids in Solar Microchannel Collectors: an Experimental Study

Ahlatli¹,

Maré²,

Estellé³

et al. 2016

IJTech

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“…Karami et al [14] experimentally showed that aqueous suspension based alkaline functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNT), 10 nm in diameter and 5-10 μm in length, has good stability as an absorber fluid in lowtemperature Direct Absorption Solar Collector (DASC). The reason is associated with the hydrophilic nature of carboxylate groups.…”

Section: Role Of Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of nanofluids in solar energy: a review of the recent literature

Bozorgan

Shafahi

2015

Micro and Nano Syst Lett

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Utilizing nanofluid as an absorber fluid is an effective approach to enhance heat transfer in solar devices. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research done on the nanofluids' applications in solar thermal engineering systems in recent years. This review article provides comprehensive information for the design of a solar thermal system working at the optimum conditions. This paper identifies the opportunities for future research as well.

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“…The efficiency enhancement of 10% was obtained using nanofluidbased DASC in comparison with a conventional flat-plate collector. By introducing nanofluids as direct absorber of sunlight in solar collectors, their stability and optical properties as well as their thermal properties improve greatly [44]. However, it has also been reported that the ionic liquids of phosphates are not suitable for applications that require longterm stability at 200°C or more [45,46].…”

Section: Low Temperature Collectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Heat Transfer Fluids Used for Solar Thermal Energy Applications

Srivastva¹,

Malhotra²,

Sc³

2015

J Fundam Renewable Energy Appl

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Solar thermal collectors are emerging as a prime mode of harnessing the solar radiations for generation of alternate energy. Heat transfer fluids (HTFs) are employed for transferring and utilizing the solar heat collected via solar thermal energy collectors. Solar thermal collectors are commonly categorized into low temperature collectors, medium temperature collectors and high temperature collectors. Low temperature solar collectors use phase changing refrigerants and water as heat transfer fluids. Degrading water quality in certain geographic locations and high freezing point is hampering its suitability and hence use of water-glycol mixtures as well as water-based nano fluids are gaining momentum in low temperature solar collector applications. Hydrocarbons like propane, pentane and butane are also used as refrigerants in many cases. HTFs used in medium temperature solar collectors include water, waterglycol mixtures -the emerging "green glycol" i.e., trimethylene glycol and also a whole range of naturally occurring hydrocarbon oils in various compositions such as aromatic oils, naphthenic oils and paraffinic oils in their increasing order of operating temperatures. In some cases, semi-synthetic heat transfer oils have also been reported to be used. HTFs for high temperature solar collectors are a high priority area and extensive investigations and developments are occurring globally. In this category, wide range of molecules starting from water in direct steam generation, air, synthetic hydrocarbon oils, nanofluid compositions, molten salts, molten metals, dense suspension of solid silicon carbide particles etc., are being explored and employed. Among these, synthetic hydrocarbon oils are used as a fluid of choice in majority of high temperature solar collector applications while other HTFs are being used with varying degree of experimental maturity and commercial viability -for maximizing their benefits and minimizing their disadvantages. Present paper reviews the recent developments taking place in the area of heat transfer fluids for harnessing solar thermal energy. Refrigerants/phase changing materials: These are low boiling point but high heat capacity substances used in the solar collectors to transfer heat in applications like solar space cooling and heating, refrigerators, air conditioning, etc [7]. These materials absorb heat from the solar collectors, produce work either by expanding in a turbo-generator of a vapor compression cycle or by dissociating the refrigerant from its absorbent in a vapor absorption cycle [8]. In some of the relatively high temperature applications, higher boiling point refrigerants are used as indirect heat transfer fluids, wherein the heat collected from the solar collectors is transferred to another fluid like water from where the refrigerants pick-up heat to do the required work in the turbo-generators [9,10]. Recent Developments in Heat Transfer

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A new application of carbon nanotubes nanofluid as working fluid of low-temperature direct absorption solar collector

Cited by 241 publications

References 30 publications

Thermal Performance of Carbon Nanotube Nanofluids in Solar Microchannel Collectors: an Experimental Study

Thermal Performance of Carbon Nanotube Nanofluids in Solar Microchannel Collectors: an Experimental Study

Performance evaluation of nanofluids in solar energy: a review of the recent literature

Recent Developments in Heat Transfer Fluids Used for Solar Thermal Energy Applications

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