A neurophenomenological model for the role of the hippocampus in temporal consciousness. Evidence from confabulation

Barba, Gianfranco Dalla; Corte, Valentina La

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00218

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In short, as proposed by Dalla Barba and La Corte (2013), confabulation seems to occur when a preserved hippocampus receives distorted information from more than twenty damaged, predominantly orbitofrontal, brain areas. The predominance of confabulation in TC in this study, compared to confabulation in KC, fits the model proposed by Dalla Barba and La Corte (Dalla Barba & La Corte, 2013;Dalla Barba & La Corte, 2015). According to their model, the hippocampus is crucial both for the normal functioning of TC and as the generator of confabulations, and that different types of confabulation can be traced back to a distortion of TC resulting from damage or disconnection of brain areas directly or indirectly connected to the hippocampus.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…It is frequently observed following orbitofrontal lesions, but can occur in patients with lesions in more that twenty anterior and posterior brain regions. Indeed, as proposed by Dalla Barba and La Corte (Dalla Barba & La Corte, 2013;Dalla Barba & La Corte, 2015), what seems to be most important for confabulation is neither aetiology nor locus of damage, but at least partial or unilateral integrity of the hippocampus. Gilboa and Moscovitch found that out of 79 patients with confabulation two had unilateral perirhinal lesions and one had a unilateral parahippocampal lesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A longitudinal study of confabulation

Barba

Brazzarola

Marangoni

et al. 2017

Cortex

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Confabulation, the production of statements and actions that are unintentionally incongruous to the subject's history, background, present and future situation, is a rather infrequent disorder, observed in several conditions affecting the nervous system. Little is known about the quantitative and qualitative evolution of confabulation in time. In this study we evaluated longitudinally the evolution of this disorder in a group of severe confabulators, using the Confabulation Battery (CB), a sensitive tool to detect confabulations in various memory domains. It was found that confabulations were stable over time and not temporally limited. It was also found that "Habits Confabulations" (HCs), i.e., habits and repeated personal events mistaken as specific, unique past and future personal episodes, or well-known public events when semantic knowledge is concerned, was the more frequently observed type of confabulation. Confabulations were also more prominent in the domain of Temporal Consciousness (TC), i.e., a specific form of consciousness that allows individuals to remember their personal past, to be oriented in their present world and to predict their personal future, than in Knowing Consciousness (KC), i.e., a specific form of consciousness allowing individuals to be aware of past, present and future impersonal knowledge and information. Confabulations showed also persistence, i.e., confabulations at the same questions over time, and consistency, i.e., same type of confabulation at the same question over time. These findings are discussed within the framework of the Memory, Consciousness and Temporality Theory.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of confabulation

Barba

Brazzarola

Marangoni

et al. 2017

Cortex

Self Cite

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“…In this account, TC is distinguished from knowledge consciousness. TC allows individuals to have the phenomenological experience of remembering their personal past, of being oriented in the present, and of predicting their personal future (Dalla Barba & La Corte, 2015). In confabulation, TC interacts only with the more stable eventrelated modifications within the brain, such that repeated events, habits, and over-learned information are treated as unique events and form the content of confabulation, which is usually plausible and indistinguishable from 'real' memories.…”

Section: Theories Of Confabulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalies of Autobiographical Memory

Kopelman

2019

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objectives:In this paper, I review three ‘anomalies’ or disorders in autobiographical memory: neurological retrograde amnesia (RA), spontaneous confabulation, and psychogenic amnesia.Methods:Existing theories are reviewed, their limitations considered, some of my own empirical findings briefly described, and possible interpretations proposed and interspersed with illustrative case-reports.Results:In RA, there may be an important retrieval component to the deficit, and factors at encoding may give rise to the relative preservation of early memories (and the reminiscence bump) which manifests as a temporal gradient. Spontaneous confabulation appears to be associated with a damaged ‘filter’ in orbitofrontal and ventromedial frontal regions. Consistent with this, an empirical study has shown that both the initial severity of confabulation and its subsequent decline are associated with changes in the executive function (especially in cognitive estimate errors) and inversely with the quantity of accurate autobiographical memories retrieved. Psychogenic amnesia can be ‘global’ or ‘situation-specific’. The former is associated with a precipitating stress, depressed mood, and (often) a past history of a transient neurological amnesia. In these circumstances, frontal control mechanisms can inhibit retrieval of autobiographical memories, and even the sense of ‘self’ (identity), while compromised medial temporal function prevents subsequent retrieval of what occurred during a ‘fugue’. An empirical investigation of psychogenic amnesia and some recent imaging studies have provided findings consistent with this view.Conclusions:Taken together, these various observations point to the importance of frontal ‘control’ systems (in interaction with medial temporal/hippocampal systems) in the retrieval and, more particularly, the disrupted retrieval of ‘old’ memories.

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“…Lesion studies have implicated a large number of regions in confabulation (Gilboa and Moscovitch, 2002). However, one relatively consistent finding is that some degree of preserved hippocampal function is required to generate confabulations (Dalla Barba and La Corte, 2015). Given the presence of AD pathology in the MTL, it is hypothesised that false memories may result from reduced function within MTL structures with some preservation of medial PFC leading to increased reliance on familiarity (Malone et al, 2019), and additional frontal dysfunction leading to impairment of memory veracity monitoring (Budson et al, 2002;Gold and Budson, 2008;Schnider, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging correlates of false memory in 'Alzheimer's disease: A preliminary systematic review

McLachlan

Rai

Al-Shihabi

et al. 2020

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by episodic memory impairment, but people also experience memory distortions, including false memories, which can impact on safety and reduce functioning. Understanding the neural networks that underpin false memories could help to predict the need for intervention and guide development of cognitive strategies to reduce memory errors. However, there is a relative absence of research into how the neuropathology of AD contributes to false memory generation. This paper systematically reviews the methodology and outcomes of studies investigating the neuroimaging correlates of false memory in AD. Four studies using structural imaging and three studies using functional imaging were identified. Studies were heterogenous in methodology and received mostly 'weak' quality assessment ratings. Combined, and consistent with neuroimaging findings in non-AD populations,

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A neurophenomenological model for the role of the hippocampus in temporal consciousness. Evidence from confabulation

Cited by 21 publications

References 94 publications

A longitudinal study of confabulation

A longitudinal study of confabulation

Anomalies of Autobiographical Memory

Neuroimaging correlates of false memory in 'Alzheimer's disease: A preliminary systematic review

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