“…These factors directly relate to the duty ratio adjustment of the dc/dc converter. Since conventional MPPT algorithms are unable to meet those requirements (Otieno et al, 2009;Yu, 2007), adaptive MPPT approaches have been proposed recently, including fuzzy logic based MPPT (Veerachary et al, 2003;Khaehintung et al, 2004), neural networks MPPT (Hussein et al, 2002;Sun et al, 2002) and ripple correlation control MPPT (Midya et al, 1996), etc. All of them basically belong to a "discrete" adaptive MPPT technique.…”