A Network Analysis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Correlates During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jiang, Wanyue; Ren, Zhihong; Yu, Lixia; Tan, Yafei; Shi, Congrong

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.568037

Cited by 35 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…Reports on the pandemic in the empirical literature began emerging in early 2020. We expect that this body of work will continue to expand exponentially from the approximately 3000 articles available as of this writing (Feingold et al, 2021;Jiang et al, 2020;Maalouf et al, 2021;Zhu et al, 2021). Critically, there has been a renewed call to expand the definition of a qualifying Criterion A trauma and consider the pandemic, in general, to be a Criterion A stressor (Wathelet et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

Norrholm

Zalta

Zoellner

et al. 2021

Depression and Anxiety

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

Norrholm

Zalta

Zoellner

et al. 2021

Depression and Anxiety

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“…In the network of COVID-19 pandemic-related PTSD symptoms, results showed strong connections between avoidance of thoughts and avoidance of reminders, between hypervigilance and exaggerated alarm response, between intrusive thoughts and nightmares, between flashbacks and hyperresponsiveness to emotional signals, and between detachment and limited affection. Furthermore, the study suggested that the main symptom was self-destructive/reckless behavior, which was positively correlated with the presence of depression and loss of interest [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Pandemic as a Traumatic Event and Its Associations with Fear and Mental Health: A Cognitive-Activation Approach

Sánchez-Gómez

Giorgi

Finstad

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 global pandemic still represents a major threat with detrimental health consequences. Analyzing the psychological outcomes, COVID-19 could be interpreted as a collective traumatic event that can generate symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Considering this, the purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to investigate the relationship between intrusive thoughts and fear related to the COVID-19 pandemic and between intrusive thoughts and mental health; second, to test the mediating role of hyperarousal and avoidance in these two relationships. In order to reach these aims, the present study investigated these relationships and tested a mediation model in two cross-sectional studies in Italy. Altogether, 627 individuals and 495 workers completed an online survey for study 1 and study 2, respectively. Mediation analyses were performed via the SPSS macro PROCESS; the significance of total, direct, and indirect effect was tested via bootstrapping. The results showed that within the PTSD framework, hyperarousal compared with avoidance mediated the relationship between intrusion and the analyzed outcomes. In conclusion, the present study provided empirical evidence for the influence of hyperarousal on individual consequences such as fear of COVID-19 and mental health. Research, as well as theoretical and practical implications, are discussed.

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“…As subsequent studies have also focused on the analysis of stress in the medical profession, an analysis of relative levels of stress in a group with diverse occupations (including students and unemployed) has yet to Sustainability 2021, 13, 1207 2 of 17 be reported. The few studies of stress in the general population [39][40][41][42][43][44][45], rather than in individual populations, have indicated that women and people with social isolation were more stressed during the first pandemic of COVID-19. We assume that there are two unresolved issues with the studies described above: one is that high or low stress in one group does not indicate the most supportive group in society as a whole, and the other is that they did not investigate the change in stress compared to before self-isolation, so the effects of people who were already highly stressed before the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model of Stress Change under the First COVID-19 Pandemic among the General Public in Japanese Major Cities and Rural Areas

Uehara

Fujii²,

Kobayashi

2021

Sustainability

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Research on stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic has been dominated by the cases of healthcare workers, students, patients, and their stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the relationship between the amount of stress change under the COVID-19 pandemic and demographic factors (age, sex, occupation, etc.) in residents of a large city and a rural area of Japan. A total of 1331 valid responses were received in June 2020 from residents of Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagano registered with a private research firm. We were able to identify 15 statistically significant variables out of 36 explanatory variables, which explained the significant increase in stress compared to the pre-pandemic period. Multiple-factor analysis showed that the relationship with people is a more significant explanatory variable for the level of increase in stress than the difference in environment between big cities (Tokyo, Osaka) and rural areas (Nagano), the type of housing, and the decrease in income compared to the pre-pandemic period.

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A Network Analysis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Correlates During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 35 publications

References 94 publications

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

Does COVID‐19 count?: Defining Criterion A trauma for diagnosing PTSD during a global crisis

COVID-19 Pandemic as a Traumatic Event and Its Associations with Fear and Mental Health: A Cognitive-Activation Approach

A Model of Stress Change under the First COVID-19 Pandemic among the General Public in Japanese Major Cities and Rural Areas

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