A national point-prevalence survey of pediatric intensive care unit-acquired infections in the United States

Grohskopf, Lisa A.; Sinkowitz‐Cochran, Ronda L.; Garrett, Denise O; Sohn, Annette H.; Levine, Gail; Siegel, Jane D.; Stover, Beth H.; Jarvis, William R.

doi:10.1067/mpd.2002.122499

Cited by 224 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…One of the characteristics of healthcare-associated infection in the pediatric ICU is that BSI is the most frequent type of infection 6 . As in adults, BSI in the pediatric ICU is nearly always associated with the use of a central venous catheter 27,30,61 . Except in specialized ICUs for burn victims or newborns weighing less than 1,000g, the NHSN (which replaced the NNIS) reports that it is in the clinical-surgical pediatric ICU that BSI associated to a central venous catheter which has the highest incidences 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heterogeneity of the populations studied, especially in relation to age, hinders a comparison of the results. The currently accepted paradigm that the frequency of healthcareassociated infection in pediatrics is inversely proportional to age (more common among children under 12 3,30 or 24 months 28,114 ) needs to be clarified, despite its biological plausibility: immunological immaturity could account for the higher incidence of healthcare-associated infection among younger patients 115 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abstracts for which there was no agreement as to the inclusion were analyzed jointly and the decision was made by consensus. Thus, 84 (80 articles and four theses) were ob-tained for detailed reading by the same two authors independently 27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pneumonia is among the three main types of infection in the pediatric ICU and, as in adults, is more frequent among patients on mechanical ventilation 4,27,30,31,61 . The diagnosis of VAP, however, is challenging and may explain the differences in the diverse studies concerning the occurrence of this event as well as possible risk factors.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for healthcare-associated infection in pediatric intensive care units: a systematic review

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for healthcare-associated infection in pediatric intensive care units: a systematic review

et al. 2009

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“…The proportion of SSIs of all HAIs in prevalence studies across Europe has varied between 14% and 48%, whereas overall HAI rates were 4%-10% [45]. Pediatric prevalence studies have reported HAI rates of 7%-12%, of which SSIs constituted 1%-17% [72,73,106,107]. The overall SSI rates among children were approximately ten times lower than among adults in NNIS hospitals [108].…”

Section: Surgical Site Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

314 Healthcare-Associated Infections in Pediatrics

SpringerReference

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Helsinki 2008 P u b l i c a t i o n s o f t h e N a t i o n a l P u b l i c H e a l t h I n s t i t u t e K T L A 1 1 / 2 0 0 8 Dr. Alexander Langmuir, 1963 Emmi Sarvikivi, Healthcare-associated infections in pediatrics Publications of the National Public Health Institute, A11/2008, 93 Pages ISBN 978-951-740-803-5; 978-951-740-804-2 (pdf-version) ISSN 0359-3584; 1458-6290 (pdf-version) http://www.ktl.fi/portal/4043 ABSTRACT Background and aims. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are known to increase the risk for patient morbidity and mortality in different healthcare settings and thereby to cause additional costs. HAIs typically affect patients with severe underlying conditions, such as patients treated in intensive care units, or patients who have undergone medical procedures, e.g., surgery. HAIs are prevalent also among pediatric patients, but the distribution of the types of infection and the causative agents differ from those detected in adults. The aim of this study was to obtain information on pediatric HAIs in Finland through an assessment of the surveillance of bloodstream infections (BSIs), through two outbreak investigations in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and through a study of postoperative HAIs after open-heart surgery.Methods. The Hospital for Children and Adolescents of the Helsinki University Central Hospital has participated in the BSI surveillance of the Finnish Hospital Infection Program since 1999. These data were utilized in all studies. The epidemiological features of pediatric BSIs were assessed. For the outbreak investigations, case definitions were set and data collected from microbiological and clinical records. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of the Serratia marcescens and the Candida parapsilosis isolates were determined. The S. marcescens isolates were genotyped with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the C. parapsilosis blood culture isolates (obtained between the years 1990 and 2002) with Southern blot hybridization by use of a DNA fingerprinting probe. Patient charts were reviewed for the case-control and cohort studies during the outbreak investigations, as well as for those patients who acquired surgical site infections (SSIs) after having undergone open-heart surgery. Also a prospective postdischarge study was conducted to detect postoperative HAIs after open-heart surgery.Results. During 1999During -2006, the overall annual BSI rate was 1.6/1,000 patient-days (range by year, 1.2-2.1). High rates (average, 4.9 and 3.2 BSIs/1,000 patient-days) were detected in hematology and neonatology units. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common pathogens both hospital-wide and in each patient group. The overall mortality was 5%. The genotyping of the 15 S. marcescens isolates revealed three independent clusters. All of the 26 C. parapsilosis isolates studied proved to be indistinguishable. No common source was identified for either of the outbreaks, but the NICU was overcrowded during the S. marcescens clusters. In both investigations, low birth we...

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Health Care–Associated Infections in Children

Foster¹

2011

JAMA

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A national point-prevalence survey of pediatric intensive care unit-acquired infections in the United States

Cited by 224 publications

References 21 publications

Risk factors for healthcare-associated infection in pediatric intensive care units: a systematic review

Risk factors for healthcare-associated infection in pediatric intensive care units: a systematic review

314 Healthcare-Associated Infections in Pediatrics

Health Care–Associated Infections in Children

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