A national perspective on the role of Marine Protected Areas in sustaining fisheries

Effectiveness of a Refuge for Lake Trout in Western Lake Superior I: Empirical Analysis of Past Performance

“…The benefit of spillover from a source population is less apparent for well-managed fisheries than for heavily exploited stocks that lack management controls outside refuges, although the loss of yield in well-managed fisheries that exploit slow-growing, highly-mobile species (e.g., Lake Trout) is lower near no-take refuges (Buxton et al 2014). Therefore, effective management that enforces regulations and human use in and around a refuge is essential (Wenzel et al 2013). Lastly, APA design is important-not only to ensure inclusion of suitable habitat for target species but also to reduce the costs of regulation enforcement; the most costeffective APA design is a single, large, no-take refuge like the Gull Island Shoal Refuge (Ban et al 2011).…”