A national assessment of green infrastructure and change for the conterminous United States using morphological image processing

Wickham, James D.; Riitters, Kurt H.; Wade, Timothy G.; Vogt, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.10.003

Cited by 213 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

101

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Spatial analysis in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which has been used to map green infrastructure and extend green networks [98], could offer useful applications for assessing and expanding urban agriculture [26]. Asset mapping, which is a multi-stakeholder process for action planning and policy design, can be used to describe the physical characteristics of a study site using GIS data including land use land cover (LULC) [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization Affects Plant Flowering Phenology And Pollinator Community: Effects Of Water Availability And Land Cover

2015

Urban Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Urban agriculture offers an alternative land use for integrating multiple functions in densely populated areas. While urban agriculture has historically been an important element of cities in many developing countries, recent concerns about economic and food security have resulted in a growing movement to produce food in cities of developed countries including the United States. In these regions, urban agriculture offers a new frontier for land use planners and landscape designers to become involved in the development and transformation of cities to support community farms, allotment gardens, rooftop gardening, edible landscaping, urban forests, and other productive features of the urban environment. Despite the growing interest in urban agriculture, urban planners and landscape designers are often ill-equipped to integrate food-systems thinking into future plans for cities. The challenge (and opportunity) is to design urban agriculture spaces to be multifunctional, matching the specific needs and preferences of local residents, while also protecting the environment. This paper provides a review of the literature on urban agriculture as it applies to land use planning in the United States. The background includes a brief historical perspective of urban agriculture around the world, as well as more recent examples in the United States. Land use applications are considered for multiple scales, from efforts that consider an entire city, to those that impact a single building or garden. Barriers and constraints to urban agriculture are discussed, followed by research opportunities and methodological approaches that might be used to address them. This work has implications for urban planners, landscape designers, and extension agents, as opportunities to integrate urban agriculture into the fabric of our cities expand. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2010, 2 2500

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization Affects Plant Flowering Phenology And Pollinator Community: Effects Of Water Availability And Land Cover

2015

Urban Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An emerging approach is to consider the landscape as an overall system of ecosystems in which single components interact with each other through a multitude of ecosystems and landscape elements that contribute to create a Green Infrastructure (Benedict & McMahon 2002, Weber et al 2006, Wickham et al 2010.…”

Section: Green Infrastructure and Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Infrastructure as a tool to support spatial planning in European urban regions

Lafortezza¹,

Davies²,

Sanesi³

et al. 2013

iForest

276

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The last decades have seen a major shift in the planning and development of ecosystem and landscape management in Europe. First of all, in line with international developments, the life-support-services of ecosystems have come to the fore through the application of the concept of ‘ecosystem services’. Secondly, drawing on the principles of landscape ecology linkages between ecosystems are being stressed through the concept of ‘ecological networks’. Thirdly there is increasing recognition of the beneficial relationship between access to green space and improved public ‘health and well-being’. These services and relationships are being linked together in both academic literature and policy practice in what is termed the Green Infrastructure (GI) approach. GI networks it is argued are discernible at different scales, and across urban, peri-urban and rural landscapes. Furthermore GI is considered as supportive of ecological processes whilst simultaneously contributing to better human health and well-being. Moreover, especially in urban regions, GI is being placed at the same level as other essential urban infrastructure. Recognising these developments the authors have devised an updated conceptual framework for the development, management, and analysis of GI networks by focusing on contemporary drivers nested together at the territorial level and with a prominent role for temporal considerations. The latter has hitherto been only weakly presented in the GI discourse. Development of the conceptual model has been informed by reference to examples drawn from across Europe. Finally, directions are provided for future research, and for developing and delivering GI in the emerging context of ecosystem services and human well-being

show abstract

“…The GUIDOS user guide contains a full description of these parameters and how they affect the resulting images. Wickham et al (2010) also provide ample discussion of the various MSPA parameters' effects for green infrastructure characterization.…”

Section: Spatial Pattern Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other national vegetation and green infrastructure assessments have used this type of spatial pattern analysis at regional scales with the National Land Cover Data at 30-m resolution (Wickham et al 2010, Riitters 2011. The European Joint Forest Commission has developed integrated software called GUIDOS (Graphical User Interface for the Description of Image Objects and their Shapes), which incorporates the MSPA routines as well as other image processing and GIS tools to perform the spatial pattern analysis (GUIDOS 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The green areas of San Juan, Puerto Rico

Ramos‐González¹

2014

E&S

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Green areas, also known as green infrastructure or urban vegetation, are vital to urbanites for their critical roles in mitigating urban heat island effects and climate change and for their provision of multiple ecosystem services and aesthetics. Here, I provide a high spatial resolution snapshot of the green cover distribution of the city of San Juan, Puerto Rico, by incorporating the use of morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) as a tool to describe the spatial pattern and connectivity of the city's urban green areas. Analysis of a previously developed IKONOS 4-m spatial resolution classification of the city of San Juan from 2002 revealed a larger area of vegetation (green areas or green infrastructure) than previously estimated by moderate spatial resolution imagery. The city as a whole had approximately 42% green cover and 55% impervious surfaces. Although the city appeared greener in its southern upland sector compared to the northern coastal section, where most built-up urban areas occurred (66% impervious surfaces), northern San Juan had 677 ha more green area cover dispersed across the city than the southern component. MSPA revealed that most forest cover occurred as edges and cores, and green areas were most commonly forest cores, with larger predominance in the southern sector of the municipality. In dense, built-up, urban land, most of the green areas occurred in private yards as islets. When compared to other cities across the United States, San Juan was most similar in green cover features to Boston, Massachusetts, and Miami, Florida. Per capita green space for San Juan (122.2 m²/inhabitant) was also comparable to these two U.S. cities. This study explores the intra-urban vegetation variation in the city of San Juan, which is generally overlooked by moderate spatial resolution classifications in Puerto Rico. It serves as a starting point for green infrastructure mapping and landscape pattern analysis of the urban green spaces within the city of San Juan. The effectiveness of research and city planning will be further enhanced as a result of this type of finer-scale urban cover exploration.

show abstract

A national assessment of green infrastructure and change for the conterminous United States using morphological image processing

Cited by 213 publications

References 40 publications

Urbanization Affects Plant Flowering Phenology And Pollinator Community: Effects Of Water Availability And Land Cover

Urbanization Affects Plant Flowering Phenology And Pollinator Community: Effects Of Water Availability And Land Cover

Green Infrastructure as a tool to support spatial planning in European urban regions

The green areas of San Juan, Puerto Rico

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About