A nanosized anionic MOF with rich thiadiazole groups for controlled oral drug delivery

Abstract

Controlling the crystal size and surface chemistry of MOF materials, and understanding their multifunctional effect are of great significance for the biomedical applications of MOF systems. Herein, we designed and synthesized a new anionic MOF, ZJU-64-NSN, which features 1D channels decorated with highly polarized thiadiazole groups, and its crystal size could be systematically tuned from 200 ​μm to 300 ​nm through a green and simple approach. As a result, the optimal nanosized ZJU-64-NSN is found to enable an ultrafast loading of cationic drug procainamide (PA) (21.2 ​wt% within 1 ​min). Moreover, the undesirable chemical stability of PA@ZJU-64-NSN is greatly improved by the surface coating of polyethylene glycol (PEG) biopolymer. The final drug delivery system PEG/PA@ZJU-64-NSN is found to effectively prevent PA from premature release under the harsh stomach environments due to the intense host-guest interaction, and mainly release PA to the targeted intestinal surroundings. Such controlled drug delivery is proved to be triggered by endogenic Na + ions instead of H + ions, well revealed by the study on the dynamics behavior of drug release and UV–Vis absorption spectrum. Good biocompatibility of ZJU-64-NSN and PEG-coated ZJU-64-NSN has been fully demonstrated by MTT assay as well as confocal microscopy imaging.

Hierarchical MOF-on-MOF Architecture for pH/GSH-Controlled Drug Delivery and Fe-Based Chemodynamic Therapy

“…Among all of the available nanocarriers, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) − constructed by metal ions/clusters and organic ligands have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages such as ultrahigh surface area, adjustable pore size and pore chemistry, suitable stability and good biocompatibility . Benefitting from their unique properties, employing MOFs in biomedical applications is still making novel progress. − In 2006, Ferey and co-workers first achieved the sustained ibuprofen release based on MIL-100 and MIL-101 .…”

Recent advances in porous MOFs and their hybrids for photothermal cancer therapy

“…36–38 Although these systems exhibit excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and good stability, the lack of biodegradability and biocompatibility still restrict their development. Recently, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), 39–61 an emerging class of inorganic–organic hybrid porous materials, have been proven to be potential candidates for PTT. Compared with traditional porous materials, the outstanding advantages of MOFs in PTT are as follows: (1) designable inorganic nodes and organic linkers offer great potential for fabrication of functionalized MOFs using photothermal agents as organic ligands; (2) simple fabrication methods can introduce inorganic or polymer materials into MOFs; (3) large surface area and suitable pore size enable encapsulation of PTT agents; (4) some endogenous metals and superior biodegradation guarantee biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy.…”

Prediction of the Ibuprofen Loading Capacity of MOFs by Machine Learning

“…Research on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has drawn widespread attention, as evidenced by the significant increase in related publications [ 1 ]. MOFs are a novel class of hybrid functional materials, self-assembled from various organic linkers and metal ions/clusters [ 2 , 3 ] (as shown in Figure 1 ). MOFs usually possess desirable physicochemical properties, such as porous structures, stability, low toxicity, and modification possibilities.…”