A nanofluidic ion regulation membrane with aligned cellulose nanofibers

Li, Tian; Li, Sylvia Xin; Kong, Weiqing; Chen, Chaoji; Hitz, Emily; Jia, Chao; Dai, Jiaqi; Zhang, Xin; Briber, Robert M.; Siwy, Zuzanna S.; Reed, Mark A.; Hu, Liangbing

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau4238

Cited by 172 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The vibration of carbon-carbon double bonds produces a vibrational band at 1612 cm −1 . The out-of-plane bending vibrations of C─H bonds of aromatic rings lead to a vibrational band at 875 to 750 cm −1 , demonstrating the presence of aromatic rings in the product (18). In addition, the peak at 2925 cm −1 corresponds to the stretching vibration of C─H, demonstrating the presence of aliphatic structures and aromatization during the reaction.…”

Section: Fabrication and Structural Characterization Of Carbon Spheresmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Designing hierarchical nanoporous membranes for highly efficient gas adsorption and storage

et al. 2020

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Nanoporous membranes with two-dimensional materials such as graphene oxide have attracted attention in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and H2 adsorption because of their unique molecular sieving properties and operational simplicity. However, agglomeration of graphene sheets and low efficiency remain challenging. Therefore, we designed hierarchical nanoporous membranes (HNMs), a class of nanocomposites combined with a carbon sphere and graphene oxide. Hierarchical carbon spheres, prepared following Murray’s law using chemical activation incorporating microwave heating, act as spacers and adsorbents. Hierarchical carbon spheres preclude the agglomeration of graphene oxide, while graphene oxide sheets physically disperse, ensuring structural stability. The obtained HNMs contain micropores that are dominated by a combination of ultramicropores and mesopores, resulting in high VOCs/H2 adsorption capacity, up to 235 and 352 mg/g at 200 ppmv and 3.3 weight % (77 K and 1.2 bar), respectively. Our work substantially expands the potential for HNMs applications in the environmental and energy fields.

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Section: Fabrication and Structural Characterization Of Carbon Spheresmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The crystalline or amorphous structure of the cellulose and carbon spheres was investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (18,19). Figure 3B shows the XRD patterns of cellulose and carbon spheres obtained from optimal conditions.…”

Section: Fabrication and Structural Characterization Of Carbon Spheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing hierarchical nanoporous membranes for highly efficient gas adsorption and storage

et al. 2020

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“…The electrodes, however, showed almost a vertical rise in the imaginary impedance at low frequencies indicating the facile accessibility of electrolyte's ions to charge storage sites on the surface of titanium carbide layers. CNFs act as spacers in between MXene layers and improve the proton transport in the nanocomposite electrode . We compared the capacitive response of the nanocomposite electrodes to that of pristine MXene electrodes by considering a power‐law relationship between the peak current ( i p ) and scan rate ( v ), ( i p = av b ) .…”

Section: Physical Properties Of Ti3c2tx Mxene Ti3c2tx/cnf and Cnf Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Nanocomposites with High Strength and Capacitance Using 2D MXene and 1D Nanocellulose

et al. 2019

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Structural electrode materials that integrate high mechanical strength and high electrochemical performances are attractive as they are indispensable for building lightweight, flexible electronics. [1][2][3] These materials should be able to withstand extreme mechanical stress and deformations while maintaining high charge storage properties, and thereby decrease the electrochemically inactive weight and volume for packaging of devices, especially in limited spaces. [1] Most conventional electrode materials, however, fail to meet both requirements. [4] Some of reported strategies involved using carbon fiber-reinforced composites [5,6] or graphene-based materials [1] as structural electrodes to deliver mechanical strength. These materials, however, fall short on the electrochemi cal energy storage capacitance. Alternatively, metal oxides [7] or conducting polymers [8] can be incorporated to boost the capacitance of the graphene-based materials. The problem is the weak interactions between different components, which results in low mecha nical stability of the final composites. [7,9] Therefore, there is a crucial need for the development of new-generation structural energy storage nanocomposites, which monolithically integrate excellent mechanical properties, high electronic and ionic conductivities, and high charge storage capabilities. A balance should also exist between these properties without substantially sacrificing one property over the other. [1] The family of two-dimensional (2D) metal carbides and nitrides, collectively known as MXene, are interesting materials for building high-performance supercapacitors. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] MXenes have a general formula of M n+1 X n T x , where M is an early transition metal such as Ti, X is carbon or nitrogen, and T x indicates the presence of different functional groups (O, OH, and F) on the surface of metal layers, a result of aqueous exfoliation synthesis of MXenes. [10,17,18] Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene has been widely reported as a high-performance electrode material either in its pristine form or in hybrids with other guest materials such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), [18] polypyrrole, [19,20] and polyaniline, [21] as well as in hybridization with other carbon materials such as graphene, [22] carbon nanotubes, [23][24][25] and carbon nanofibers. [26] Most of the MXene hybrid nanocomposites, however, have only shown improvement in either capacitance or mechanical properties while sacrificing one property over the other, and they lack the required mechanical integrityThe family of two-dimensional (2D) metal carbides and nitrides, known as MXenes, are among the most promising electrode materials for supercapacitors thanks to their high metal-like electrical conductivity and surface-functional-group-enabled pseudocapacitance. A major drawback of these materials is, however, the low mechanical strength, which prevents their applications in lightweight, flexible electronics. A strategy of assembling freestanding and mechanically robust MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanoco...

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“…[6] In preparation of these wood-based materials, delignification is an essential pretreatment step to extract lignin and partial hemicellulose, aiming to remove the chromophores, and to increase the cell wall accessibility/porosity. Further treatments such as alkaline extraction, [4] acetylation, [7] oxidation, [8,9] could be employed to control the nanostructure and surface chemistry of the delignified wood. However, although the porosity of delignified wood could reach up to 98% when low density wood species is used, typical specific surface area (SSA) for delignified wood prepared by sodium chlorite or peracetic acid delignification was between 20-41 m 2 g −1 .…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma202003653mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These wood-based materials have demonstrated pulp fibers were further deprotonated by sodium hydroxide to obtain enhanced tensile strength, transparency while the dewatering time was minimized to 10 s. [20] But no improvement in material properties could be concluded from the nanostructured pulp fibers as compared to CNF-based materials as the structural advantages of wood cell wall structure were lost during pulping. Li et al [8,9] have reported the oxidation of delignified wood in TEMPO/NaClO/NaBr system at pH 10 to prepare nanofluidic cellulosic membrane. The slightly increased charge density in cellulose membrane created 2-20 nm channels between cellulose microfibrils for ion regulation.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma202003653mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Densification of Highly Mesoporous Wood Structure into a Strong and Transparent Film

et al. 2020

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In the native wood cell wall, cellulose microfibrils are highly aligned and organized in the secondary cell wall. A new preparation strategy is developed to achieve individualization of cellulose microfibrils within the wood cell wall structure without introducing mechanical disintegration. The resulting mesoporous wood structure has a high specific surface area of 197 m2 g−1 when prepared by freeze‐drying using liquid nitrogen, and 249 m2 g−1 by supercritical drying. These values are 5 to 7 times higher than conventional delignified wood (36 m2 g−1) dried by supercritical drying. Such highly mesoporous structure with individualized cellulose microfibrils maintaining their natural alignment and organization can be processed into aerogels with high porosity and high compressive strength. In addition, a strong film with a tensile strength of 449.1 ± 21.8 MPa and a Young's modulus of 51.1 ± 5.2 GPa along the fiber direction is obtained simply by air drying owing to the self‐densification of cellulose microfibrils driven by the elastocapillary forces upon water evaporation. The self‐densified film also shows high optical transmittance (80%) and high optical haze (70%) with interesting biaxial light scattering behavior owing to the natural alignment of cellulose microfibrils.

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A nanofluidic ion regulation membrane with aligned cellulose nanofibers

Abstract: A nanofluidic membrane for ion regulation with aligned cellulose nanofibers was directly obtained from wood.

Cited by 172 publications

References 37 publications

Designing hierarchical nanoporous membranes for highly efficient gas adsorption and storage

Designing hierarchical nanoporous membranes for highly efficient gas adsorption and storage

Multifunctional Nanocomposites with High Strength and Capacitance Using 2D MXene and 1D Nanocellulose

Self‐Densification of Highly Mesoporous Wood Structure into a Strong and Transparent Film

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