A multisource feedback tool to assess ward round leadership skills of senior paediatric trainees: (1) Development of tool

Abstract

Background Leading a ward round is an essential skill for hospital consultants and senior trainees but is rarely assessed during training. Objectives To investigate the key attributes for ward round leadership and to use these results to develop a multisource feedback (MSF) tool to assess the ward round leadership skills of senior specialist trainees. Methods A panel of experts comprising four senior paediatric consultants and two nurse managers were interviewed from May to August 2009. From analysis of the interview transcripts, 10 key themes emerged. A structured questionnaire based on the key themes was designed and sent electronically to paediatric consultants, nurses and trainees at a large university hospital (June–October 2010). Results 81 consultants, nurses and trainees responded to the survey. The internal consistency of this tool was high (Cronbach's α 0.95). Factor analysis showed that five factors accounted for 72% of variance. The five key areas for ward round leadership were communication skills, preparation and organisation, teaching and enthusiasm, team working and punctuality; communication was the most important key theme. A MSF tool for ward round leadership skills was developed with these areas as five domains. Conclusions We believe that this tool will add to the current assessment tools available by providing feedback about ward round leadership skills.

A utilização de instrumentos para avaliação da liderança nos serviços de saúde e enfermagem

“…The styles/models/theories of leadership found in the selected materials were: transformational leadership (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(56)(57)(58) , cited in 20 papers; transactional leadership (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) , in 11 papers; situational leadership (41)(42)(49)(50) , in four papers; servant leadership (45)(46)48) , in three papers; authentic leadership (51)(52)(53)(54)(55) , in five papers; quantum leadership (38) , in one paper; charismatic leadership (39) , in one paper; and clinical leadership (25,44) , in two papers. Three studies did not mention a specific style/model/theory …”

“…in general, four with nurses and nursing technicians and a few described investigations with a mix of nurses and other professionals. Nineteen instruments were identified to evaluate leadership: Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) (five papers) (51)(52)(53)(54)(55) ; Charismatic Leadership Socialized Scale (one paper) (39) ; Clinical Leadership Survey (CLS) (one paper) (25) ; the Coaching tool (two papers) (41)(42) ; Scale of attitudes toward leadership styles (one paper) (33) ; the 360º tool (one paper) (40) ; Global Transformational Leadership Scale (three papers) (56)(57)(58) ; Grid Gerencial (one paper) (43) ; Leadership Effectiveness and Adaptability Description (LEAD) (two papers) (49)(50) ; LMX-Leader-member Exchange (two papers) (46)(47) ; Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (six papers) (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) ; Leadership Reward and Punishment Behavior Questionnaire (LRPQ) (one paper) (33) ; Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) (eleven papers) (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) ; Multisource Feedback Tool (MSF) (one paper) (44) ; the Quantum tool (one paper) (38) ; Servant Leadership Questionnaire (SLQ) (one paper) (48) ; Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) (two papers) …”

“…There were also studies that reported an evaluation aiming to change behaviors (40,44) , stressing topics in which the leader defines priorities to reach success and innovation (52) .…”

“…Clinical leadership was evaluated through the instruments CLS (25) and MSF (44) . The development of this type of leadership is important because it is directly related to the goal of improving the services, considering that it deals with the management of the clinical field and care to patients (24) .…”

A multisource feedback tool to assess ward round leadership skills of senior paediatric trainees: (2) Testing reliability and practicability

“…In a companion paper we describe the development of a five-domain multisource feedback (MSF) tool to investigate ward round leadership skills 2. Although workplace-based assessments have become an integral part of specialty training in the UK and internationally, some still view them as a tick box exercise 7.…”