A multidisciplinary approach to scars: a narrative review

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to carry out a narrative review regarding the approach to scars through complementary and alternative medicine focusing on osteopathy, naturopathy, and other minor methods and traditional rehabilitative medicines, such as physiotherapy and manual therapies. We analyzed the existing literature regarding the possible influences of techniques relaxing the diaphragm – both manual and psychophysical relaxing techniques – and the consequent local response to events leading to scar tissue healing. The objective of the study is to become a useful instrument of knowledge for those manual therapists and professionals who deal with patients affected by discontinuity of the skin surface due to trauma or surgery. This article also intends to stimulate research in order to find and propose new methods of scar treatment, taking into consideration the information gained so far from other complementary and alternative disciplines.

Effectiveness of various methods of manual scar therapy

“…Adjusting of the therapy requires considering various factors and an individual approach to the patient. 12 Cupping is a supporting method used in scar treatment. Subatmospheric pressure suction affected by cup, promote peripheral blood circulation, and improve tissue elasticity.…”

“…Especially in the early phase, it can quickly lead to an overdose. [12][13][14] Kinesiotaping takes advantage of the physical properties of elastic therapeutic tapes and specific methods of its applications. Mechanism of this treatment is based on lifting skin microscopically and improving blood and lymph circulation.…”

Tissue Repair and Epimorphic Regeneration: an Overview

“…The ability to regenerate tissues offers clear benefits beyond those offered by the oftentimes scar-producing wound healing response. While mild soft tissue injuries in a clinical setting may lead to aesthetically unpleasant scars 92 , more severe injuries may result in extensive scar tissue formation that can lead to lack of tissue functionality 93 , contracture 94 , discomfort, and pain 95 . These complications can in turn lead to limited mobility and a significant increase in morbidity and mortality depending on the extent and anatomic location of the injury.…”

Biomaterials and tissue engineering for scar management in wound care

“…Honey has therefore been suggested to provide better wound repair and advance scarring processes. Honey is found to be more efficient and beneficial in eliminating microbial contamination, reducing scar formation, and promoting epithelial regeneration in comparison with other topical agents like silver nanoparticles [22–26]. …”