A multidimensional approach of impulsivity in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Lopez, Régis; Dauvilliers, Yves; Jaussent, Isabelle; Billieux, Joël; Bayard, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.03.023

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, a recent meta-analysis of 96 studies (12) found that multiple facets of impulsivity (UPPS model) were related to alcohol use frequency, but that acting rashly in response to strong negative or positive mood (negative and positive urgency, respectively) was most strongly related to alcohol problems. Similarly, recent cross-sectional findings have shown that disaggregating this construct may be meaningful to understanding ADHD (13,14) . Additionally, research has shown that individuals with ADHD may have higher levels of emotion dysregulation and emotional impulsivity (13,15) which underscores the potential importance of emotional impulsivity in this population.…”

Section: The Indirect Effects Of Childhood Adhd On Alcohol Problems Imentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Similarly, recent cross-sectional findings have shown that disaggregating this construct may be meaningful to understanding ADHD (13,14) . Additionally, research has shown that individuals with ADHD may have higher levels of emotion dysregulation and emotional impulsivity (13,15) which underscores the potential importance of emotional impulsivity in this population. Research on the prospective association between childhood ADHD and specific impulsivity facets in adulthood would directly extend this literature and provide critical information about why this population may be at risk for alcohol-related problems.…”

Section: The Indirect Effects Of Childhood Adhd On Alcohol Problems Imentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Our first (1) hypothesis, tested with zero-inflated negative binomial regressions, was that individuals with childhood ADHD would have both increased likelihood and number of alcohol problems compared to individuals without childhood ADHD. Secondly (2), based on prior cross-sectional research on children and adults with ADHD (13,14) , we hypothesized that childhood ADHD would predict increased impulsivity for four out of five impulsivity facets (all but sensation seeking) in adulthood in structural equation models. Our third (3) hypothesis proposed an indirect effect of childhood ADHD on alcohol problems through the impulsivity facets and was tested with zero-inflated negative binomial models.…”

Section: The Indirect Effects Of Childhood Adhd On Alcohol Problems Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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The indirect effects of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on alcohol problems in adulthood through unique facets of impulsivity

et al. 2016

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Section: The Indirect Effects Of Childhood Adhd On Alcohol Problems Imentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: The Indirect Effects Of Childhood Adhd On Alcohol Problems Imentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: The Indirect Effects Of Childhood Adhd On Alcohol Problems Imentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The indirect effects of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on alcohol problems in adulthood through unique facets of impulsivity

et al. 2016

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“…A recent study that divided impulsivity into four dimensions (urgency, premeditation, perseverance, sensation seeking) reported that compared with controls, medication naïve adults with ADHD had higher urgency (tendency to act rashly), lower premeditation (ability to consider consequences of actions), and lower perseverance (ability to stay on task when bored). 20 A very common behavior reported by adults with ADHD that is not specifically mentioned in the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria is evidence of risky driving, (e.g. elevated rates of motor vehicle collisions, citations, and arrests).…”

Section: Clinical Symptoms and Neuropsychological Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology of Adult ADHD: Emerging Evidence for Network Dysfunctions

Jadidian¹,

Hurley²,

Taber³

2015

JNP

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FIGURE 1. Changes in cortical thickness provide one measure of brain maturation. A large longitudinal study found that for most areas of cortex, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) reach peak cortical thickness several years later than typically developing children, supporting presence of developmental delay. 1 The rate of cortical thinning also differed between the group who continued to meet diagnostic criteria into adulthood (persistent ADHD) and those who did not (remitted ADHD). 2 Areas of cortex in which the rate of thinning correlated with adult symptom level (green, more symptoms associated with more thinning) are approximated on medial and lateral simplified representations of cortex. 2 An earlier study also identified multiple areas in which cortex was thinner in adults with persistent ADHD compared with controls (orange). 3 In addition, this study noted some areas of thicker cortex in remitted ADHD when compared with persistent ADHD (blue). FIGURE 2. Two recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have used cued reaction time tasks to assess differences between adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD and controls in task-related activations and functional connectivity. 4,5 Left. One study used the area with the highest level of activation associated with cognitive control (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) as the seed to assess functional connectivity associated with cognitive control. 5 The ADHD group had lower connectivity than the control group to multiple areas (orange, left putamen, left inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral subgenual cingulate cortex), but connectivity was not correlated with symptom severity. Right. The other study assessed thalamocortical functional connectivity and brain activations associated with response preparation. 4 The persistent ADHD group had lower connectivity compared with the remitted ADHD group from the seed region in thalamus to several areas in prefrontal cortex. The locations of the cluster centers (blue, bilateral frontopolar cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) are approximated onto a dorsal view of the cortical surface. An unexpected finding was that there were no significant differences between the remitted ADHD group and persistent ADHD in brain activations associated with response preparation. COVER AND FIGURE 3. Left. A resting state fMRI study in adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD reported significantly reduced functional connectivity within the default mode network in persistent ADHD. 6 The areas in which either remitted ADHD (blue) or controls (orange) had greater connectivity from the seed region (black, posterior cingulate cortex) compared with persistent ADHD are approximated on a midline MRI. 6 This study also reported that neither ADHD group exhibited the expected negative functional connectivity between the other default mode network seed region (medial prefrontal cortex) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex . Right. A resting state fMRI study in medication naive adults with ADHD re...

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“…For several decades, literature has posited that impulsivity is associated with neuropsychological alterations of both behavioural and cognitive inhibition López, Dauvilliers, Jaussent, Billieux, & Bayard, 2015;Wilbertz et al, 2014), psychopathological disorders (Berg, Latzman, Bliwise, & Lilienfeld, 2015;Ray, Poythress, Weir, & Rickelm, 2009), addictive behaviours (Billieux, Rochat, Rebetez, & Van der Linden, 2008;Billieux, Van der Linden, & Ceschi, 2007), as well as risk-taking and pathological gambling (Cyders & Smith, 2008;Stanford, Mathias, Dougherty, Lake, Anderson, & Patton, 2009). However, impulsivity has been described in very different ways by a diversity of studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Profiles of Three Subtypes of Impulsivity in the General Population: A Young Adults Study

Louhau

Picón-Janeiro

Mazzei

et al. 2019

Int. j. psychol. res.

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The impulsivity construct has been investigated in the psychological literature as both a personality factor and a manifestation of the cognitive functioning of individuals. In addition, an increasing number of studies have shown that impulsivity is not a unitary concept and that it must be conceived of as several subtypes. We investigated whether a self-report test of three types of impulsivity could be a good predictor of cognitive functioning in healthy individuals. The sample was composed of 230 subjects (65% women) with a mean age of 28.4 years (SD = 13.6 years) from the general population of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The sample was evaluated using the Questionnaire on Compulsive Urgency, Sensation Seeking, and Impulsive Improvidence (CUBI-18; Squillace Louhau, & Picón Janerio, 2019), which measures three impulsivity subtypes. A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to measure not only executive-attentional functioning, verbal and non-verbal fluency, and speed of processing, but also strategies in the decision-making process. The results showed a differential profile of the three subtypes of impulsivity. Compulsive Urgency was associated with greater executive-attentional difficulties, Impulsive Improvidence with lower fluency in processing nonverbal information, and Sensation Seeking with better general cognitive performance and risk-taking during decision-making. ResumenEl constructo impulsividad ha sido investigado, dentro de la literatura psicológica, tanto como un factor de personalidad como una manifestación del funcionamiento cognitivo de los individuos. A su vez, la creciente investigación muestra que ésta no debe concebirse como un concepto unitario sino ser definida a través de varios subtipos. En este trabajo se buscó indagar sobre la posibilidad de que una prueba de auto-informe de tres tipos de impulsividad sea un buen predictor del funcionamiento cognitivo en individuos sanos. La muestra estuvo constituida por 230 sujetos (65% mujeres) con edad media de 28.4 años (SD = 13.6 años) de la población general de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se evaluó a través del Cuestionario de Urgencia Compulsiva, Búsqueda de Sensaciones e Impulsividad por Imprevisión (CUBI, Squillace Louhau, & Picón Janerio, 2019) que mide los tres subtipos de impulsividad. En relación a esto, se utilizó una batería de pruebas neuropsicológicas para mensurar tanto el funcionamiento ejecutivo-atencional, la fluencia verbal y no verbal, la velocidad de procesamiento, así como las estrategias en el proceso de toma de decisiones. Los resultados encontrados han sido significativos y han demostrado un perfil diferencial de los tres subtipos de impulsividad. Primero, la Urgencia Compulsiva puede relacionarse con mayores dificultades ejecutivo-atencionales, segundo, la Impulsividad por Imprevisión con una menor fluencia del procesamiento de información no verbal y, por último, la Búsqueda de Sensaciones con un mejor rendimiento cognitivo general y la toma de riesgos durante la toma de...

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A multidimensional approach of impulsivity in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

The indirect effects of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on alcohol problems in adulthood through unique facets of impulsivity

The indirect effects of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on alcohol problems in adulthood through unique facets of impulsivity

Neurobiology of Adult ADHD: Emerging Evidence for Network Dysfunctions

Neuropsychological Profiles of Three Subtypes of Impulsivity in the General Population: A Young Adults Study

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