A multi‐centric study on validation of the Fear Scale for COVID‐19 in five Arabic speaking countries

Deek, Hiba; El-Nayal, Mayssah; Alabdulwahhab, Khalid; Ahmad, Mohammad Shakil; Shaik, Riyaz Ahamed; Alzahrani, Meshari; Elmahdi, Iman; Youssef, Naglaa; Alboraie, Mohamed; Fong, Daniel Yee Tak; Choi, E. Kwan; Chan, Bobo Kai Yin; Omar, Nagla

doi:10.1002/brb3.2375

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…An international study was conducted, which aimed to examine the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle behaviors, fear, depression, and perceived needs of communities [ 26 , 27 ]. The study was conducted in 30 countries across the globe.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Evaluation of a Fear of COVID-19 Scale in China: Cross-sectional Study

Choi¹,

Duan²,

Fong³

et al. 2022

JMIR Form Res

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Background At the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, information about fear of COVID-19 was very limited in Chinese populations, and there was no standardized and validated scale to measure the fear associated with the pandemic. Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to adapt and validate a fear scale to determine the levels of fear of COVID-19 among the general population in mainland China and Hong Kong. Methods A web-based questionnaire platform was developed for data collection; the study instruments were an adapted version of the 8-item Breast Cancer Fear Scale (“Fear Scale”) and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire. The internal construct validity, convergent validity, known group validity, and reliability of the adapted Fear Scale were assessed, and descriptive statistics were used to summarize the participants’ fear levels. Results A total of 2822 study participants aged 18 years or older were included in the analysis. The reliability of the adapted scale was satisfactory, with a Cronbach α coefficient of .93. The item-total correlations corrected for overlap were >0.4, confirming their internal construct validity. Regarding convergent validity, a small-to-moderate correlation between the Fear Scale and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire scores was found. Regarding known group validity, we found that the study participants who were recruited from Hong Kong had a higher level of fear than the study participants from mainland China. Older adults had a higher level of fear compared with younger adults. Furthermore, having hypertension, liver disease, heart disease, cancer, anxiety, and insomnia were associated with a higher fear level. The descriptive analysis found that more than 40% of the study participants reported that the thought of COVID-19 scared them. About one-third of the study participants reported that when they thought about COVID-19, they felt nervous, uneasy, and depressed. Conclusions The psychometric properties of the adapted Fear Scale are acceptable to measure the fear of COVID-19 among Chinese people. Our study stresses the need for more psychosocial support and care to help this population cope with their fears during the pandemic.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Evaluation of a Fear of COVID-19 Scale in China: Cross-sectional Study

Choi¹,

Duan²,

Fong³

et al. 2022

JMIR Form Res

Self Cite

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“…Nevertheless, to guide interested readers as well as to pool literature related to pneumonia among Sudanese population and for further research prospect, all related articles according to the current search strategy are depicted in (Table 2). Abd El-Raheem et al [28] Characteristics and severity of COVID-19 among Sudanese patients during the waves of the pandemic Abdelmagid et al [29] Acceptability and feasibility of strategies to shield the vulnerable during the COVID-19 outbreak: a qualitative study in six Sudanese communities Abdou et al [30] The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination psychological antecedent assessment using the Arabic 5c validated tool: An online survey in 13 Arab countries Abouzid et al [31] Influence of COVID-19 on lifestyle behaviors in the Middle East and North Africa Region: a survey of 5896 individuals Ahmed et al [32] Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intimate partner violence in Sudan, Malawi and Kenya Ahmed et al [33] COVID-19 in Sudan Ahmed et al [34] Clinical characteristics, complications, and predictors of outcome of hospitalized adult Sudanese patients with COVID-19 and malaria coinfection in Sudan: A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study Ahmed et al [35] Controlling the spread of COVID-19 in Sudan with limited resources: a unique community-engaged approach Ali et al [36] The role of integrated programs in the prevention of COVID-19 in a humanitarian setting Aljak et al [37] The first laboratory-confirmed imported infections of SARS-CoV-2 in Sudan Attaallah et al [38] The Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 Pneumonia, Gezira Isolation Centers, Sudan Aung et al [39] Community responses to COVID-19 pandemic first wave containment measures: a multinational study Bara'a et al [40] Coronavirus 2019-like illness and public adherence to preventive measures, Sudan 2020 Deek et al [41] A multi-centric study on validation of the Fear Scale for COVID-19 in five Arabic speaking countries Elagib et al [42] Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding infection control measures among dental students during COVID-19 pandemic Elhadi et al [43] The formidable task of fighting COVID-19 in Sudan El-Sadig et al [44] Obstacles faced by healthcare providers during COVID-19 pandemic in Sudan El-Sadig et al [45] Impact of COVID-19 on doctors and healthcare providers during the pandemic in Sudan Fahal et al [46] The Mycetoma Research Centre experience during the COVID-19 pandemic: obstacles and beyond Gayawan et al [47] The spatio-temporal pandemic dynamics of COVI...…”

Section: Covid 19 Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 Pneumonia, Gezira Isolation Centers, Sudan Aung et al [39] 2021 Community responses to COVID-19 pandemic first wave containment measures: a multinational study Bara'a et al [40] 2021 Coronavirus 2019-like illness and public adherence to preventive measures, Sudan 2020 Deek et al [41] 2021 A multi-centric study on validation of the Fear Scale for COVID-19 in five Arabic speaking countries Elagib et al [42] 2022 Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding infection control measures among dental students during COVID-19 pandemic Elhadi et al [43] 2020…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumonia in Sudan; Systematic Scoping Review of Literature and Meta Analysis

Mohamed

SalahEldin

Idris

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In addition to excessive burden of non-communicable diseases, natural and manmade disasters and internal conflicts, Sudan is predominantly susceptible to communicable diseases such as Malaria, Tuberculosis, and Pneumonia, which bring about a burden of infectious diseases and demand for high quality health care. According to the WHO as well as the Sudan Health Observatory, Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in Sudan. This study therefore aimed to determine pneumonia infection prevalence among Sudanese as well as its related risk factors. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in the 1st of December 2020. The review was regulated in accordance with PRISMA. After abstract and full text screening only seventeen articles met our inclusion criteria and passed the quality assessment procedure. Seven included studies determined prevalence of pneumonia; the overall pooled prevalence was around 30%. Furthermore, twelve research articles investigated risk factors related to pneumonia among Sudanese population. Further research with larger sample sizes targeting risk factors of pneumonia among Sudanese population is needed to be conducted. Keywords Africa, Developing countries, Risk, STIs, sub-Saharan Africa

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