A Molecular Communication Interface Using Liposomes with Gap Junction Proteins

Moritani,; Nomura, Shin Ichiro M.; Hiyama,; Akiyoshi,; Suda,

doi:10.1109/bimnics.2006.361816

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Information can be encoded on to the molecules in different ways, such as using timing, concentration, or the identities of the molecules themselves.Molecular communication has recently become a rapidly growing discipline within communications and information theory. The existing literature that can be divided into two broad categories: in the first category, components and designs to implement molecular communication systems are described; for example, communications based on calcium ion exchange [3] and liposomes [4] have been proposed. These are commonly used by living cells to communicate.Other work (e.g., [5], [6]) has explored the use of molecular motors to actively transport information-bearing molecules.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Communication in Fluid Media: The Additive Inverse Gaussian Noise Channel

Srinivas

Eckford

Adve

2012

IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory

354

344

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We consider molecular communication, with information conveyed in the time of release of molecules.The main contribution of this paper is the development of a theoretical foundation for such a communication system. Specifically, we develop the additive inverse Gaussian (IG) noise channel model: a channel in which the information is corrupted by noise with an inverse Gaussian distribution. We show that such a channel model is appropriate for molecular communication in fluid media -when propagation between transmitter and receiver is governed by Brownian motion and when there is positive drift from transmitter to receiver. Taking advantage of the available literature on the IG distribution, upper and lower bounds on channel capacity are developed, and a maximum likelihood receiver is derived.Theory and simulation results are presented which show that such a channel does not have a single quality measure analogous to signal-to-noise ratio in the AWGN channel. It is also shown that the use of multiple molecules leads to reduced error rate in a manner akin to diversity order in wireless communications. Finally, we discuss some open problems in molecular communications that arise from the IG system model. I. INTRODUCTIONModern communication systems are almost exclusively based on the propagation of electromagnetic (or acoustic) waves. Of growing recent interest, nanoscale networks, or nanonetworks, are systems of communicating devices, where both the devices themselves and the gaps between them are measured in nanometers [1]. Due to the limitations on the available size, energy, and K. V. Srinivas and Raviraj S. Adve are with The Edward S. Rogers Sr. DRAFT 2 processing power, it is difficult for them to communicate through conventional means such as electromagnetic or acoustic waves. Thus, communication between nanoscale devices will substantially differ from the well known wired/wireless communication scenarios.In this paper, we address communication in a nanonetwork operating in a aqueous environment; more precisely, we consider communication between two nanomachines connected through a fluid medium, where messages are encoded in patterns of molecules. In this scheme, the transmitter sends information to the receiver by releasing molecules into the fluid medium connecting them; the molecules propagate through the fluid medium; and the receiver, upon receiving the molecules, decodes the information by processing or reacting with the molecules. This method, known as molecular communication [2], is inspired by biological micro-organisms which exchange information through molecules. Information can be encoded on to the molecules in different ways, such as using timing, concentration, or the identities of the molecules themselves.Molecular communication has recently become a rapidly growing discipline within communications and information theory. The existing literature that can be divided into two broad categories: in the first category, components and designs to implement molecular communication systems are described; f...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Communication in Fluid Media: The Additive Inverse Gaussian Noise Channel

Srinivas

Eckford

Adve

2012

IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory

354

344

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“…One promising approach is to use a liposome embedded with gap junction proteins [68,69]. A gap junction is an inter-cellular communication channel formed between two neighboring cells; it consists of two docked hemichannels (connexons) constructed from self-assembled six gap junction proteins (connexins) [54].…”

Section: Molecular Communication Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The feasibility of designing a communication interface has been investigated by creating connexin (Cx)-embedded liposomes [68,69,52]. Microscopic observations showed that encapsulated calcein (i.e., hydrophilic fluorescent dye used as model information molecules) was transferred from Cx-embedded liposomes to the same kind of Cx-expressing living cells (e.g., from Cx43-embedded liposomes to Cx43-expressing U2OS cells), and that the transferred calcein was decapsulated into the cells [52] (Fig.…”

Section: Molecular Communication Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular communication: Harnessing biochemical materials to engineer biomimetic communication systems

Hiyama¹,

Moritani²

2010

Nano Communication Networks

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117

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“…Gap junctions are on the order of 4 nanometers in diameter. Gap junctions are essentially dynamically controlled pores between adjacent cells that allow cytoplasmic material to flow between cells [5]. Finally, calcium and other types of ions are emitted in wavelike patterns within cells in order to accomplish signaling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward in vivo nanoscale communication networks: utilizing an active network architecture

Bush

2011

Front. Comput. Sci. China

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A safe and reliable in vivo nanoscale communication network will be of great benefit for medical diagnosis and monitoring as well as medical implant communication. This review article provides a brief introduction to nanoscale and molecular networking in general and provides opinions on the role of active networking for in vivo nanoscale information transport. While there are many in vivo communication mechanisms that can be leveraged, for example, forms of cell signaling, gap junctions, calcium and ion signaling, and circulatory borne communication, this review examines two in particular: molecular motor transport and neuronal information communication. Molecular motors transport molecules representing information and neural coding operates by means of the action potential; these mechanisms are reviewed within the theoretical framework of an active network. This review suggests that an active networking paradigm is necessary at the nanoscale along with a new communication constraint, namely, minimizing the communication impact upon the living environment. The goal is to assemble efficient nanoscale and molecular communication channels while minimizing disruption to the host organism.

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A Molecular Communication Interface Using Liposomes with Gap Junction Proteins

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Molecular Communication in Fluid Media: The Additive Inverse Gaussian Noise Channel

Molecular Communication in Fluid Media: The Additive Inverse Gaussian Noise Channel

Molecular communication: Harnessing biochemical materials to engineer biomimetic communication systems

Toward in vivo nanoscale communication networks: utilizing an active network architecture

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