A Modified Fixed-Point Chirp Scaling Algorithm Based on Updating Phase Factors Regionally for Spaceborne SAR Real-Time Imaging

Ding, Zegang; Xiao, Feng; Xie, Yizhuang; Yu, Wenyue; Yang, Zhu; Chen, Liang; Li, Teng

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2852062

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The CS algorithm is one of the most commonly used algorithms in SAR imaging processing algorithms [2]. Compared with other algorithms, the processing accuracy of the CS algorithm is higher, and it is also more suitable for hardware implementation [25]. The main process of the standard CS algorithm is as follows:…”

Section: Sar Data Access Efficiency Analysis 21 Chirp Scaling (Cs) mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The on-chip storage resources of the above-mentioned processors are very limited, which cannot meet the requirements for massive data processing in the SAR algorithm. Taking Stripmap SAR imaging of 16,384 × 16,384 granularity raw data (5 m resolution) as an example, the required data storage space is up to 2 GB [25]. Therefore, a high-speed, large-capacity external memory must be selected as the storage medium for SAR data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Efficient Dual-Channel Data Storage and Access Method for Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Real-Time Processing

2021

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With the development of remote sensing technology and very large-scale integrated circuit (VLSI) technology, the real-time processing of spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has greatly improved the ability of Earth observation. However, the characteristics of external memory have led to matrix transposition becoming a technical bottleneck that limits the real-time performance of the SAR imaging system. In order to solve this problem, this paper combines the optimized data mapping method and reasonable hardware architecture to implement a data controller based on the Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). First of all, this paper proposes an optimized dual-channel data storage and access method, so that the two-dimensional data access efficiency can be improved. Then, a hardware architecture is designed with register manager, simplified address generator and dual-channel Double-Data-Rate Three Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR3 SDRAM) access mode. Finally, the proposed data controller is implemented on the Xilinx XC7VX690T FPGA chip. The experimental results show that the reading efficiency of the data controller proposed is 80% both in the range direction and azimuth direction, and the writing efficiency is 66% both in the range direction and azimuth direction. The results of a comparison with the recent implementations show that the proposed data controller has a higher data bandwidth, is more flexible in its design, and is suitable for use in spaceborne scenarios.

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Section: Sar Data Access Efficiency Analysis 21 Chirp Scaling (Cs) mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Dual-Channel Data Storage and Access Method for Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Real-Time Processing

2021

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“…Equation 18is obtained using parabolic equation approximation [53]. It is noted that the Rytov approximation is also a theory to solve the random turbulence and the amplitude and phase fluctuations can be obtained by Rytov transform, which is seemly similar with (18). But the Rytov approximation can only solve the weak fluctuation problem, which is the limitation compared with the parabolic equation approximation.…”

Section: Multiple Phase Screen Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Quantitative Analysis of Tropospheric Impact on Inclined Geosynchronous SAR Imaging

Dong

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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Geosynchronous orbit synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) has a long integration time and a large imaging scene. Therefore, various nonideal factors are easily accumulated, introducing phase errors and degrading the imaging quality. Within the long integration time, tropospheric status changes with time and space, which will result in image shifts and defocusing. According to the characteristics of GEO SAR, the modeling, and quantitative analysis of background troposphere and turbulence are conducted. For background troposphere, the accurate GEO SAR signal spectrum, which takes into account the time-varying troposphere, is deduced. The influences of different rates of changing (ROC) of troposphere with time are analyzed. Finally, results are verified using the refractive index profile data from Fengyun (FY) 3C satellite and the tropospheric zenith delays data from international GNSS service (IGS). The time–space changes of troposphere can cause image shifts which only depend on the satellite beam-foot velocity and the linear ROC of troposphere. The image defocusing is related to the wavelength, resolution requirement, and the second and higher orders of ROC. The short-wavelength GEO SAR systems are more susceptible to impacts, while L-band GEO SAR will be affected when the integration time becomes longer. Tropospheric turbulence will cause the amplitude and phase random fluctuations resulting in image defocusing. However, in the natural environment, radio waves are very weakly affected by turbulence, and the medium-inclined GEO SAR of L- to C-band will not be affected, while the X-band will be influenced slightly.

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“…The current mature imaging algorithms include the distance Doppler (RD), chirp scaling (CS), wave-number domain (Omega-K), and backward projection (BP) algorithms. The RD algorithm [9][10][11][12][13] performs uniform correction of the range migration in the range time domainazimuth Doppler domain with high processing efficiency while offering the simplicity of one-dimensional operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time SAR Imaging Based on Reconfigurable Computing

et al. 2021

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SAR real-time imaging processing system on Airborne or spaceborne platform strict in power volume and weight, in order to meet the requirements of the platform and increasing the flexibility of system application, this paper presents a kind of SAR real-time imaging technology, based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) dynamic reconfiguration technology. First of all, the technology optimize the algorithm then classify whole flow into dynamic and static parts. the dynamic part implement numerical calculation, the static part implement the process control, data storage and peripheral interface, Then based on the dynamic reconfiguration technology, design processing system, and research data interface, data storage, process control and data operation; At last using unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) flight data verify the system performance. the results is that the system run at 200 MHZ frequency to process data which size is 65536 x 65536 need 85.9s, and the system using resources about 50% lower than the traditional method, the power consumption decrease by 20%. Through the experiments have proved the effectiveness of the technology, laid the foundation of designing the high performance real-time imaging processing system on airborne or spaceborne platform.INDEX TERMS Field-programmable gate array (FPGA), Real time imaging processing, reconfigurable computation, synthetic aperture radar (SAR)

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A Modified Fixed-Point Chirp Scaling Algorithm Based on Updating Phase Factors Regionally for Spaceborne SAR Real-Time Imaging

Cited by 35 publications

References 18 publications

An Efficient Dual-Channel Data Storage and Access Method for Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Real-Time Processing

An Efficient Dual-Channel Data Storage and Access Method for Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Real-Time Processing

Modeling and Quantitative Analysis of Tropospheric Impact on Inclined Geosynchronous SAR Imaging

Real-Time SAR Imaging Based on Reconfigurable Computing

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