“…Therefore, the homogenization of residual stress is necessary for blank parts. Zhang et al [24] found that the initial residual stress of the plate was significantly reduced in the pre-stretching process by using a mathematical model and a finite-element model. For an ultra-large ring with a diameter of nearly 10 m, the expansion method is proposed to homogenize and reduce the residual stress after rolling process.…”
Section: Simulation Of Residual-stress Homogenization In the Expansion Methodsmentioning
Aerospace thin-walled rings are vulnerable to machining distortion during the manufacturing process. Various research results show that the main factor causing machining deformation is initial residual stress inside the blank. In this study, the residual stress of a 2219 aluminum alloy ultra-large rolling ring was measured by using the indentation strain-gauge method. Results showed the maximum residual maximum principal stress was +265 MPa and stress distribution was uneven. To homogenize the initial residual stress of the ring, an expansion method is proposed based on the principle of pre-stretching plate, and the feasibility of the expansion method was analyzed by establishing a simplified theoretical model of ring. A FE (Finite Element) model was established to investigate residual-stress evolution during the rolling ring and the expanding ring process. The expansion simulation results show that the reduction rates of residual stress were greater than 40% and the maximum residual stress was only 65 MPa.
“…Therefore, the homogenization of residual stress is necessary for blank parts. Zhang et al [24] found that the initial residual stress of the plate was significantly reduced in the pre-stretching process by using a mathematical model and a finite-element model. For an ultra-large ring with a diameter of nearly 10 m, the expansion method is proposed to homogenize and reduce the residual stress after rolling process.…”
Section: Simulation Of Residual-stress Homogenization In the Expansion Methodsmentioning
Aerospace thin-walled rings are vulnerable to machining distortion during the manufacturing process. Various research results show that the main factor causing machining deformation is initial residual stress inside the blank. In this study, the residual stress of a 2219 aluminum alloy ultra-large rolling ring was measured by using the indentation strain-gauge method. Results showed the maximum residual maximum principal stress was +265 MPa and stress distribution was uneven. To homogenize the initial residual stress of the ring, an expansion method is proposed based on the principle of pre-stretching plate, and the feasibility of the expansion method was analyzed by establishing a simplified theoretical model of ring. A FE (Finite Element) model was established to investigate residual-stress evolution during the rolling ring and the expanding ring process. The expansion simulation results show that the reduction rates of residual stress were greater than 40% and the maximum residual stress was only 65 MPa.
“…For combinations of analytical methods and experimental methods, Tan et al expressed springback and residual stresses as a function of geometric parameters and material properties of sheet metals, determined the residual stresses using a layer-removing method, and carried out an analytical measurement of the residual stress by simulating the layer-removing process [27]. Zhang et al developed a mathematical model to calculate the residual stress in stretched aluminium alloy thick plates based on the balance of stresses, two-dimensional plasticity, and a conception of free size, verifying the model against experiments performed on 7075 aluminium plates [28]. Milenin et al developed a model of residual stresses in hot-rolled sheets based on the elastic-plastic material model, taking into account the nonuniform distribution of elastic-plastic deformations in the volume and unloading of the sheet material and phase transformation during cooling, and performed experimental verification of the model under industrial conditions [29].…”
Residual stress is the main cause of flatness defects in sheet metal and the basic method to improve the shape quality of the sheet is to reduce and eliminate the residual stress by multi-roll levelling. The curvature coupling between repeated sheet bendings in multi-roll levelling greatly affects the accuracy of the analysis of the residual stress evolution, which is rarely considered in current research. Aiming to address this problem, a method for eliminating residual stress by multi-roll levelling based on curvature coupling is discussed in this article. An evaluation criterion and an analysis model are proposed to investigate the evolution of the residual stress in multi-roll levelling considering the curvature coupling between bendings. The effects of the intermesh of the work rolls and the plastic deformation of the sheet on the residual stress are also discussed. The results show that multi-roll levelling will cause rolling residual stress while reducing the initial residual stress of the sheet and the larger plastic deformation caused by the intermesh of the work rolls at the entry is beneficial for the complete elimination of the initial residual stress, but the rolling residual stress will increase at the same time. Therefore, the total residual stress of the sheet after levelling depends on the appropriate levelling parameters.
“…For example, the compressive residual stresses reduce the corrosion rate whereas the tensile stresses increase the corrosion rate. Residual stresses have been the interest of many researchers [3,4] over the years. Outeiro et al [5] have performed analysis to determinethe effect of speed, feed and depth of cut on machining induced residual stresses in two difficult to machine materials.…”
Residual stress that are induced during machining of components plays a significant part in the endurance and life of the component. The magnitude and nature of the residual stresses have been of interest to many researchers across the globe. The present work involves methodology to find out the influence of factors on the residual stresses. The machining parameters were varied and the residual stresses were determined using non-destructive method, namely X-ray diffraction. Using statistical methods, the influence of the machining parameters was ascertained. This paper aims at investigating the residual stresses in AISI 1045 steel, induced due to milling. AISI 1045 steel was considered as it is a widely used material and its applications are innumerable. It was observed that speed and feed have significant influence on stresses left behind after the machining is completed. Using statistical techniques a mathematical model was developed which is further used to predict the residual stresses. The error percentage of the predicted values was less than 5%.The results obtained were promising and future work involves the optimization of the machining parameters.
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