A Model System to Demonstrate the Role of Cavitational Activity in Ultrasonic Scaling

Walmsley, A. D.; Laird, W.R.E.; Williams, A.R.

doi:10.1177/00220345840630091401

Cited by 70 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The removal of plaque from tooth surfaces with ultrasound is achieved primarily by a vibratory machining action of the instrument tip [3]. The latter is supported by cavitational activity [4]and acoustic microstreaming in water or within the associated cooling water supply [4,5]. The physical action is thereby related to the displacement amplitude of the instrument tip and an elliptical motion, which was demonstrated for both, piezoelectric and magnetostrictive ultrasonic devices [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static biofilm removal around ultrasonic tips in vitro

et al. 2013

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OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the biofilm removal capacity of two ultrasonic tips under standardized conditions using a multi-species biofilm model. METHODS: Six-species biofilms were grown on hydroxyapatite discs for 64.5 h and were treated for 15 s with a standardized load of 40 g with a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive device. Tips were applied either with the tip end or with the side facing downwards. Detached bacteria were determined in the supernatant and colony-forming units (CFUs) counted after 72 h of incubation. Untreated specimens served as controls. Moreover, the biofilms remaining on the hydroxyapatite surface after treatment were stained using the Live/Dead stain, and the pattern of their detachment was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). RESULTS: As compared to the untreated control, it was found that only a side application of the magnetostrictive device was able to remove efficiently the biofilm. In contrast, its tip application as well as both applications of the piezoelectric device removed significantly less bacteria from the biofilm structure. These findings were corroborated by CLSM observation. CONCLUSION: Both ultrasonic tips under investigations led to bacterial detachment, but the action mode as well as the tip configuration and adaptation appeared to be influenced by the biofilm removal effectiveness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Biofilm removal remains a main goal of ultrasonic debridement. This should be reflected in respective laboratory investigations. The presented combination of methods applied on a multi-species biofilm model in vitro allows the evaluation of the effectiveness of different ultrasonic scaler applications. Static biofilm removal around ultrasonic tips in vitro AbstractObjectives: To investigate the biofilm removal capacity of two ultrasonic tips under standardized conditions using a multi-species biofilm model. Methods:Six-species biofilms were grown on hydroxyapatite discs for 64.5 h and were treated for 15 s with a standardized load of 40 g with a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive device. Tips were applied either with the tip end or with the side facing downwards. Detached bacteria were determined in the supernatant and colony-forming units (CFU) counted after 72 h incubation. Untreated specimens served as controls. Moreover, the biofilms remaining on the hydroxyapatite surface after treatment were stained using the Live/Dead stain and the pattern of their detachment was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).Results: As compared to the untreated control, it was found that only a side application of the magnetostrictive device was able to remove efficiently the biofilm. In contrast, its tip application, as was well as both applications of the piezoelectric device removed significantly less bacteria from the biofilm structure. These findings were corroborated by CLSM observation. Conclusion

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static biofilm removal around ultrasonic tips in vitro

et al. 2013

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“…Ultrasonic scalers have been used in dental practice for the removal of dental biofilms on the root surfaces of teeth [48,49]. Modern ultrasonic scalers fall into two main categories: piezoelectric and magneto-strictive devices.…”

Section: Cavitation-based Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Models to Manage Biofilms on Microtextured Dental Implant Surfaces

Tran¹,

Walsh²

2016

Microbial Biofilms - Importance and Applications

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Dental implants are used extensively to replace missing teeth. To enhance their integration with the bones of the jaws, the surfaces of titanium dental implants are modified to make them hydrophilic, high energy, and microtextured. These same features make biofilm development occur readily upon exposure to the saliva. The presence of mature biofilms on dental implant surfaces drives local inflammatory responses in the adjacent soft and hard tissues (peri-implantitis), which leads to pathological loss of bone and the formation of a saucer shaped bone defects. This chapter examines the unique challenges posed by biofilms formed on highly complex dental implant surfaces, which are difficult to access for cleaning, and easily damaged by conventional cleaning approaches. We explore how biofilms can be removed from implant surfaces using a variety of novel methods, without causing surface damage or other undesirable modifications, and show how different laboratory and clinical models can be used to assess the performance of both conventional and novel methods of biofilm removal.

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“…In this patent, he describes use of vibratory forces to create a 'microchipping' effect for tissue removal. It was realised that certain resonant frequencies could be used in dental scaling to remove calculus from teeth while selectively preserving the gingival, dentin and enamel (Walmsley et al, 1984). This is now a widely accepted dental procedure (Walmsley et al, 1992).…”

Section: Dentistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-power low-frequency ultrasound: A review of tissue dissection and ablation in medicine and surgery

OʼDaly

Morris

Gavin³

et al. 2008

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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Ab s t r a c t High-power low-frequency ultrasound in the range 20-60 kHz has wide ranging clinical applications in surgical and medical instruments for biological tissue cutting, ablation or fragmentation, and removal. Despite widespread clinical application and common device operating characteristics, there is an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of tissue failure, removal and damage. The relative contribution of cavitation, direct mechanical impact and thermal effects to each process for specific tissue types remains unclear. Different and distinct mechanisms and rates of tissue removal are observed for interaction with soft and hard tissue types. Device operating parameters known to affect the interaction include frequency, peak-peak tip amplitude, suction and application time. To date, there has been little analysis of the effect of variations in, and interactions of, these parameters on tissue removal and damage for individual biological tissue types. Potential controllable damage mechanisms occurring in tissues include alteration in global biomechanical properties, histomorphological changes, protein denaturation and tissue necrosis. This paper presents a critical review of the literature on the clinical application, mechanism of tissue interaction, removal and residual tissue damage. It describes known mechanisms for distinct tissue types.

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A Model System to Demonstrate the Role of Cavitational Activity in Ultrasonic Scaling

Cited by 70 publications

References 6 publications

Static biofilm removal around ultrasonic tips in vitro

Static biofilm removal around ultrasonic tips in vitro

Novel Models to Manage Biofilms on Microtextured Dental Implant Surfaces

High-power low-frequency ultrasound: A review of tissue dissection and ablation in medicine and surgery

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