Novel Models to Manage Biofilms on Microtextured Dental Implant Surfaces

Tran, Carol; Walsh, Laurence J.

doi:10.5772/62803

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The BHI salivary inoculum model was chosen to mimic an exposed root canal in the oral cavity. Prior studies using this model in the laboratory had shown that the salivary inoculum contained a diverse range of oral bacteria, as shown by Next-Gen sequencing [ 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sealing Ability of Alkaline Endodontic Cements versus Resin Cements

Teoh

Athanassiadis²,

Walsh

2017

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Penetration of oral bacteria through root fillings leads to their long term failure. Dimensionally stable alkaline cements have been developed. A saliva challenge model was used to compare resistance to bacterial penetration of these alkaline cements to conventional root fillings that combine gutta percha (GP) with epoxy resin sealers. A sample of 140 human roots with single straight canals prepared to standard length and canal size were obturated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (Nex MTA or MTAmix), with an alkaline calcium hydroxide hard setting cement (Supercal), or with GP and a resin cement (either AH-Plus or Zirmix). Negative control roots were sealed with wax, while positive controls were left open. The test assemblies were gamma sterilised, then the coronal root face was exposed daily to fresh stimulated human saliva diluted in broth. Bacterial penetration was determined by assessing growth in sterile brain-heart infusion (BHI) medium in contact with the root apex. Using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, in order of performance from highest to lowest: Negative control, Supercal, Nex MTA, Zirmix, MTAmix, GP + AH-Plus, and the positive control. In addition, statistically significant differences were noted between Supercal and AH-Plus, and between the two MTA cements. It can be concluded that alkaline cements, particularly Supercal, can show considerable resistance to bacterial penetration from constant saliva challenge, and provide superior sealing ability in comparison to resin cements. While this property is due mostly to dimensional stability, the release of hydroxide ions could be a contributing factor to impaired bacterial survival, and this aspect should be explored further.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sealing Ability of Alkaline Endodontic Cements versus Resin Cements

Teoh

Athanassiadis²,

Walsh

2017

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This should mimic, at least in part, the polymicrobial nature of biofilms in endodontic infections [34]. Our past work has indicated that biofilms can develop in the root canal in this time frame of 7 days [35][36][37], and that low oxygen conditions during this time facilitate the growth of a diverse flora with anaerobes from a saliva inoculum [38]. Having said this, the situation is not the same as when bacteria colonise the root canal and survive for long periods of time.…”

Section: F I U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Root canal cleaning in roots with complex canals using agitated irrigation fluids

2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The internal topography of the root canal is complex, especially for the mesial root of the permanent first molar. In response to such challenges, enhanced irrigation protocols have been developed, using laser pulses to agitate fluids and enhance the removal of microbial deposits. The aim of this laboratory study was to assess the effectiveness of laser agitation of sodium hypochlorite in removing multispecies biofilms grown in the mesial root of the permanent first molars. The five agitation groups (N = 12 roots for each) were: 940 nm diode laser (superpulsed mode, 50 μs/pulses at 20 Hz using 20 mJ/pulse); 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser (200 μs/pulse at 20 Hz using 20 mJ/pulse); 2940 nm Er: YAG laser (50 μs/pulse at 15 Hz using a 400/14 conical tip in the SWEEPS protocol, with 20 mJ/pulse); passive ultrasonic agitation at 28 kHz (positive control); and irrigation with a 27‐gauge side vented needle for 2 min per canal (negative control). Biofilm removal was assessed by confocal microscopic imaging of root slices at 1, 4 and 7 mm from the root apex. None of the tested methods were effective in completely eradicating biofilm from the most confined regions of the root canal system. The greatest challenge was cleaning the isthmus regions. There was a positive correlation between canal cleaning and isthmus cleaning, suggesting that increased effectiveness in cleaning root canal walls is associated with more effective isthmus cleaning. Wider and narrow isthmuses were cleaned better than long and narrow isthmuses.

show abstract

“…The physical removal of bacterial biofilms from titanium implant surfaces is the simplest and oldest form of treatment. Initially, hand-operated scalers and then powered (ultrasonic) scalers were used, and more recently particle beams were deployed [ 26 ]. A concern with all physical debridement methods is the extent of surface damage they cause.…”

Section: Surface Cleaning Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Decontamination and Antibacterial Activity of Nanostructured Titanium Dental Implants: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peri-implantitis is the major cause of the failure of dental implants. Since dental implants have become one of the main therapies for teeth loss, the number of patients with peri-implant diseases has been rising. Like the periodontal diseases that affect the supporting tissues of the teeth, peri-implant diseases are also associated with the formation of dental plaque biofilm, and resulting inflammation and destruction of the gingival tissues and bone. Treatments for peri-implantitis are focused on reducing the bacterial load in the pocket around the implant, and in decontaminating surfaces once bacteria have been detached. Recently, nanoengineered titanium dental implants have been introduced to improve osteointegration and provide an osteoconductive surface; however, the increased surface roughness raises issues of biofilm formation and more challenging decontamination of the implant surface. This paper reviews treatment modalities that are carried out to eliminate bacterial biofilms and slow their regrowth in terms of their advantages and disadvantages when used on titanium dental implant surfaces with nanoscale features. Such decontamination methods include physical debridement, chemo-mechanical treatments, laser ablation and photodynamic therapy, and electrochemical processes. There is a consensus that the efficient removal of the biofilm supplemented by chemical debridement and full access to the pocket is essential for treating peri-implantitis in clinical settings. Moreover, there is the potential to create ideal nano-modified titanium implants which exert antimicrobial actions and inhibit biofilm formation. Methods to achieve this include structural and surface changes via chemical and physical processes that alter the surface morphology and confer antibacterial properties. These have shown promise in preclinical investigations.

show abstract

Novel Models to Manage Biofilms on Microtextured Dental Implant Surfaces

Cited by 6 publications

References 77 publications

Sealing Ability of Alkaline Endodontic Cements versus Resin Cements

Sealing Ability of Alkaline Endodontic Cements versus Resin Cements

Root canal cleaning in roots with complex canals using agitated irrigation fluids

Microbial Decontamination and Antibacterial Activity of Nanostructured Titanium Dental Implants: A Narrative Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About