A model for hepatic fibrosis: the competing effects of cell loss and iron on shortened modified Look-Locker inversion recoveryT1(shMOLLI-T1) in the liver

Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth M.; Banerjee, Rajarshi; Pavlides, Michael; Neubauer, Stefan; Robson, Matthew D

doi:10.1002/jmri.25392

Cited by 68 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Exchange effects (both water exchange between intra‐ and extracellular spaces and magnetization transfer) were previously shown to have little influence on the simulation results, so the simulations presented here exclude exchange effects. Methods and results showing that exchange effects have little impact on these results can be found in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Time‐varying magnetization of water and fat were simulated using Brian Hargreaves' Bloch equation simulator (http://mrsrl.stanford.edu/~brian/blochsim/). A version of the liver model introduced by Tunnicliffe et al was used. This model comprises an intracellular and an extracellular space, with the extracellular space divided into an interstitial fluid pool and a blood pool in fast exchange.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Removing the effect of iron on MOLLI T 1 has previously been demonstrated, but to best characterize fibro‐inflammatory disease off‐resonance effects need to be removed, both B 0 related and chemical shift related, to produce an on‐resonance water MOLLI T 1 . A disease where this might prove to be important is non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping tissue waterT₁in the liver using the MOLLIT₁method in the presence of fat, iron andB₀inhomogeneity

et al. 2018

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Modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) T 1 mapping sequences can be useful in cardiac and liver tissue characterization, but determining underlying water T 1 is confounded by iron, fat and frequency offsets. This article proposes an algorithm that provides an independent water MOLLI T 1 (referred to as on‐resonance water T 1 ) that would have been measured if a subject had no fat and normal iron, and imaging had been done on resonance. Fifteen NiCl 2 ‐doped agar phantoms with different peanut oil concentrations and 30 adults with various liver diseases, nineteen (63.3%) with liver steatosis, were scanned at 3 T using the shortened MOLLI (shMOLLI) T 1 mapping, multiple‐echo spoiled gradient‐recalled echo and 1 H MR spectroscopy sequences. An algorithm based on Bloch equations was built in MATLAB, and water shMOLLI T 1 values of both phantoms and human participants were determined. The quality of the algorithm's result was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient between shMOLLI T 1 values and spectroscopically determined T 1 values of the water, and by linear regression analysis. Correlation between shMOLLI and spectroscopy‐based T 1 values increased, from r = 0.910 ( P < 0.001) to r = 0.998 ( P < 0.001) in phantoms and from r = 0.493 (for iron‐only correction; P = 0.005) to r = 0.771 (for iron, fat and off‐resonance correction; P < 0.001) in patients. Linear regression analysis revealed that the determined water shMOLLI T 1 values in patients were independent of fat and iron. It can be concluded that determination of on‐resonance water (sh)MOLLI T 1 independent of fat, iron and macroscopic field inhomogeneities was possible in phantoms and human subjects.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping tissue waterT₁in the liver using the MOLLIT₁method in the presence of fat, iron andB₀inhomogeneity

et al. 2018

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“…Patients attended for a single visit, for multiparametric MR examination, TE and blood sampling. The median (IQR) interval between the study visit and biopsy was 13 days. All the examinations were carried out after a fasting period of at least 4 hours.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the presence of iron, which can be accurately measured from T 2 * maps, has an opposing effect on the T 1 . An algorithm has been created that allows for the bias introduced by elevated iron to be removed from the T 1 measurements, yielding the iron‐corrected T 1 (cT 1 ) . Optimal cT 1 cut‐off points for the differentiation of: no (Ishak fibrosis stage F0), mild (Ishak F1‐2), moderate (Ishak F3‐4) and severe (Ishak F5‐6) liver fibrosis have been derived from the association of cT 1 with histological fibrosis in our previous study .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease severity

Pavlides

Banerjee

Tunnicliffe

et al. 2017

Liver International

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Background & AimsThe diagnosis of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis staging are central to non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease assessment. We evaluated multiparametric magnetic resonance in the assessment of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis using histology as standard in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease.MethodsSeventy‐one patients with suspected non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease were recruited within 1 month of liver biopsy. Magnetic resonance data were used to define the liver inflammation and fibrosis score (LIF 0‐4). Biopsies were assessed for steatosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning and fibrosis and classified as non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis or simple steatosis, and mild or significant (Activity ≥2 and/or Fibrosis ≥2 as defined by the Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progression consortium) non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. Transient elastography was also performed.ResultsMagnetic resonance success rate was 95% vs 59% for transient elastography (P<.0001). Fibrosis stage on biopsy correlated with liver inflammation and fibrosis (r s=.51, P<.0001). The area under the receiver operating curve using liver inflammation and fibrosis for the diagnosis of cirrhosis was 0.85. Liver inflammation and fibrosis score for ballooning grades 0, 1 and 2 was 1.2, 2.7 and 3.5 respectively (P<.05) with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83 for the diagnosis of ballooning. Patients with steatosis had lower liver inflammation and fibrosis (1.3) compared to patients with non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (3.0) (P<.0001); area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the diagnosis of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis was 0.80. Liver inflammation and fibrosis scores for patients with mild and significant non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease were 1.2 and 2.9 respectively (P<.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of liver inflammation and fibrosis for the diagnosis of significant non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease was 0.89.ConclusionsMultiparametric magnetic resonance is a promising technique with good diagnostic accuracy for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease histological parameters, and can potentially identify patients with non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.

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Cardiac T₁ mapping: Techniques and applications

Aherne

Chow

Carr

2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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A key advantage of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging over other cardiac imaging modalities is the ability to perform detailed tissue characterization. CMR techniques continue to evolve, with advanced imaging sequences being developed to provide a reproducible, quantitative method of tissue interrogation. The T 1 mapping technique, a pixel-by-pixel method of quantifying T 1 relaxation time of soft tissues, has been shown to be promising for characterization of diseased myocardium in a wide variety of cardiomyopathies. In this review, we describe the basic principles and common techniques for T 1 mapping and its use for native T 1 , postcontrast T 1 , and extracellular volume mapping. We will review a wide range of clinical applications of the technique that can be used for identification and quantification of myocardial edema, fibrosis, and infiltrative diseases with illustrative clinical examples. In addition, we will explore the current limitations of the technique and describe some areas of ongoing development. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2

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A model for hepatic fibrosis: the competing effects of cell loss and iron on shortened modified Look-Locker inversion recoveryT₁(shMOLLI-T₁) in the liver

Abstract: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:450-462.

Cited by 68 publications

References 48 publications

Mapping tissue waterT₁in the liver using the MOLLIT₁method in the presence of fat, iron andB₀inhomogeneity

Mapping tissue waterT₁in the liver using the MOLLIT₁method in the presence of fat, iron andB₀inhomogeneity

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease severity

Cardiac T₁ mapping: Techniques and applications

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A model for hepatic fibrosis: the competing effects of cell loss and iron on shortened modified Look-Locker inversion recoveryT1(shMOLLI-T1) in the liver

Abstract: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:450-462.

Cited by 68 publications

References 48 publications

Mapping tissue waterT1in the liver using the MOLLIT1method in the presence of fat, iron andB0inhomogeneity

Mapping tissue waterT1in the liver using the MOLLIT1method in the presence of fat, iron andB0inhomogeneity

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease severity

Cardiac T1 mapping: Techniques and applications

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Product

Resources

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A model for hepatic fibrosis: the competing effects of cell loss and iron on shortened modified Look-Locker inversion recoveryT₁(shMOLLI-T₁) in the liver

Mapping tissue waterT₁in the liver using the MOLLIT₁method in the presence of fat, iron andB₀inhomogeneity

Mapping tissue waterT₁in the liver using the MOLLIT₁method in the presence of fat, iron andB₀inhomogeneity

Cardiac T₁ mapping: Techniques and applications