A model for calculating eruptive volumes for monogenetic volcanoes — Implication for the Quaternary Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand

Keresztúri, Gábor; Németh, Károly; Cronin, Shane J.; Agustín-Flores, Javier; Smith, I. E.; Lindsay, Jan M.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.09.003

Cited by 119 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…1b). The AVF comprises over 50 volcanoes formed mainly by phreatomagmatic and/or magmatic eruption styles (Kereszturi et al 2013;Hopkins et al 2015). Over the last 190 ka (G. Leonard, pers comm, 2016), the AVF has produced over 1.7 km 3 of eruptive deposits (Kereszturi et al 2013).…”

Section: Study Area and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AVF comprises over 50 volcanoes formed mainly by phreatomagmatic and/or magmatic eruption styles (Kereszturi et al 2013;Hopkins et al 2015). Over the last 190 ka (G. Leonard, pers comm, 2016), the AVF has produced over 1.7 km 3 of eruptive deposits (Kereszturi et al 2013). The annual probability of an eruption within the AVF ranges from 0.03-0.08% depending on assumptions within different probabilistic hazard models (Molloy et al 2009;Hurst and Smith 2010;Bebbington and Cronin 2011).…”

Section: Study Area and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among AVF eruptions there is considerable variation in erupted volumes of material (Kereszturi et al 2013). Our scenarios represent the dominant eruption sequence within the AVF, which begins with wet explosive behaviour that transitions into dry effusive activity (Kereszturi et al 2014).…”

Section: Local Eruption Clean-up Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The L2 eruption scenario is a more typical pyroclastic volume for wet explosive eruptions within the AVF when comparing to volume estimates presented in Kereszturi et al (2013). This scenario differs from the L1 eruption scenario in that estimating the distribution of tephra has considered multiple eruptive phases that result in a less elliptical tephra deposition.…”

Section: Local Eruption Clean-up Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous eruptions within the AVF have exhibited complex multi-phase eruption sequences with an initiating phreatomagmatic phase followed by scoria cone development and lava flows (Kereszturi et al 2013). Local eruptions within the AVF have the potential to last for years but it is most probable that any explosive phases will last on the order of days to a few months (Kereszturi et al 2013).…”

Section: Prioritisation Of Clean-up Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A model to assess tephra clean-up requirements in urban environments

et al. 2017

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Tephra falls can cause a range of impacts to communities by disrupting, contaminating and damaging buildings and infrastructure systems, as well as posing a potential health hazard. Coordinated clean-up operations minimise the impacts of tephra on social and economic activities. However, global experience suggests clean-up operations are one of the most challenging aspects of responding to and recovering from tephra falls in urban environments. Here, we present a method for modelling coordinated municipal-led (town/district level authorities) tephra clean-up operations to support pre-event response and recovery planning. The model estimates the volume of tephra to be removed, clean-up duration, and direct costs. The underpinning component of the model is a scalable clean-up response framework, which identifies and progressively includes more urban surfaces (e.g., roofs, and roads) requiring clean-up with increasing tephra thickness. To demonstrate model applicability, we present four clean-up scenarios for the city of Auckland, New Zealand: 1 mm and 10 mm distal tephra fall across the city, along with two local 'wet' eruption scenarios (low and high volume tephra deposition) from within the Auckland Volcanic Field. Depending on the modelled scenario, outputs suggest that coordinated clean-up operations in Auckland could require the removal of tens of thousands to millions of cubic metres of tephra. The cost of these operations are estimated to be NZ$0.6-1.1 million (US$0.4-0.7 million) for the 1 mm distal tephra scenario and NZ$13.4-25.6 million (US$9-17 million) for the 10 mm distal tephra scenario. Estimated clean-up costs of local eruptions range from tens of millions to hundreds of millions of dollars. All eruption scenarios indicate clean-up operations lasting weeks to months, but clean-up in some areas impacted by local eruptions could last for years. The model outputs are consistent with documented historic tephra clean-up operations. Although we use Auckland as a proof-of-concept example, the method may be adapted for any city exposed to a tephra hazard.

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Section: Study Area and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Eruption Clean-up Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Eruption Clean-up Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prioritisation Of Clean-up Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A model to assess tephra clean-up requirements in urban environments

et al. 2017

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Interpreting subsurface volcanic structures using geologically constrained 3‐D gravity inversions: Examples of maar‐diatremes, Newer Volcanics Province, southeastern Australia

et al. 2014

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We present results and a method to geophysically image the subsurface structures of maar volcanoes to better understand eruption mechanisms and risks associated with maar-forming eruptions. High-resolution ground gravity and magnetic data were acquired across several maar volcanoes within the Newer Volcanics Province of southeastern Australia, including the Ecklin maar, Red Rock Volcanic Complex, and Mount Leura Volcanic Complex. The depth and geometry of subsurface volcanic structures were determined by interpretation of gridded geophysical data and constrained 2.5-D forward and 3-D inverse modeling techniques. Bouguer gravity lows identified across the volcanic craters reflect lower density lake sediments and pyroclastic debris infilling the underlying maar-diatremes. These anomalies were reproduced during modeling by shallow coalesced diatremes. Short-wavelength positive gravity and magnetic anomalies identified within the center of the craters suggest complex internal structures. Modeling identified feeder vents, consisting of higher proportions of volcanic debris, intrusive dikes, and ponded magma. Because potential field models are nonunique, sensitivity analyses were undertaken to understand where uncertainty lies in the interpretations, and how the models may vary between the bounds of the constraints. Rather than producing a single "ideal" model, multiple models consistent with available geologic information are created using different inversion techniques. The modeling technique we present focuses on maar volcanoes, but there are wider implications for imaging the subsurface of other volcanic systems such as kimberlite pipes, scoria cones, tuff rings, and calderas.

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Anatomy of Intraplate Monogenetic Alkaline Basaltic Magmatism

Brenna

Ubide

Nichols

et al. 2021

Geophysical Monograph Series

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Intraplate basaltic systems, often occurring as fields of small monogenetic volcanoes, are dominated by eruption of alkaline basaltic rocks, ranging from nephelinite/basanite to transitional/subalkaline. Their generally primitive erupted compositions imply limited crustal modification, and hence they provide an important probe into deep, lithospheric mantle and partial melting processes. Partial melting and magmatic ascent processes can be investigated using the composition of crystals, glass and wholerock, although a combination of these is preferable. The whole-rock chemical variability within single eruptions or over the temporal and spatial extent of a volcanic field is controlled by the characteristics of the primary melting source, as well as near source percolative/reaction processes. Coupled crystaland -whole-rock detailed investigations are most promising to constrain the processes that modify primary melts into the primitive magmas that accumulate before ascent. Complex crystal textures and chemistry have so far demonstrated that basaltic magmas are principally processed and modified within the lithospheric mantle with minor modification en-route through the crust. Fractional crystallization and magma mixing modify melts throughout ascent, and can imprint secondary chemical intra-eruptive variability. Quantifiable temperature and pressure parameters based on crystalmelt compositions constrain the depth of formation, and hence provide information about the role of different mineral phases in deep versus shallow chemical evolution. Volatile components in the melt (e.g. H2O and CO2) can be quantified on glass and melt inclusions. These analyses, coupled with solubility models, may help to reconstruct initial dissolved volatile content to further constrain the source characteristics and magmatic ascent dynamics. Integrated studies of crystals and melt paint a picture of extended lithospheric mantle to minor crustal processing resulting from the complex deep plumbing of monogenetic basaltic systems. This highlights the need for improved resolution to characterize true primary signatures and hence elucidate the formation of intraplate alkaline basalts.

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A model for calculating eruptive volumes for monogenetic volcanoes — Implication for the Quaternary Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand

Cited by 119 publications

References 96 publications

A model to assess tephra clean-up requirements in urban environments

A model to assess tephra clean-up requirements in urban environments

Interpreting subsurface volcanic structures using geologically constrained 3‐D gravity inversions: Examples of maar‐diatremes, Newer Volcanics Province, southeastern Australia

Anatomy of Intraplate Monogenetic Alkaline Basaltic Magmatism

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