A Mobility-Aware and Quality-Driven Retransmission Limit Adaptation Scheme for Video Streaming over VANETs

Abstract

An adaptive medium access control (MAC) retransmission limit selection scheme is proposed to improve the performance of IEEE 802.11p standard MAC protocol for video streaming applications over vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). A multi-objective optimization framework, which jointly minimizes the probability of playback freezes and start-up delay of the streamed video at the destination vehicle by tuning the MAC retransmission limit with respect to channel statistics as well as packet transmission rate, is applied at road side unit (RSU). Periodic channel state estimation is performed at the RSU using the information derived from the received signal strength (RSS) and Doppler shift effect. Estimates of access probability between the RSU and the destination vehicle is incorporated in the design of the adaptive MAC scheme. The adaptation parameters are embedded in the user datagram protocol (UDP) packet header. Two-hop transmission is applied in zones in which the destination vehicle is not within the transmission range of any RSU. For multi-hop scenario, we discuss two-hop joint MAC retransmission adaptation and path selection. Compared with the non-adaptive IEEE 802.11p standard MAC, numerical results show that the proposed adaptive MAC protocol exhibits significantly fewer playback freezes while introduces only a slight increase in start-up delay.

Advances in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs): Challenges and road-map for future development

“…In vehicular networks, vast literatures exist on the study of transmission technologies for video streaming on both MAC and network layers [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. Several studies on performance of video streaming in IEEE 802.11p vehicular networks have been carried out on MAC layer [91][92][93]. Over the network layer, Bradai and Ahmed [94] presented a rebroadcast mechanism while Rezende et al [95] study the relay node selection algorithm.…”

On Dynamic Video Source Decision in VANETs: An On-Demand Clustering Approach

“…International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 5 Begin (1) for each vehicle with -ID = (2) // Determine the type of (3) if is a header demanding of -ID = , then (4) if receive a reply on of a non-member, then (5) insert corresponding information in record table (6) elseif record table of changes, then (7) broadcast new table in the cluster (8) end if (9) // Measures of a cluster header (10) elseif is a cluster member, then (11) if receive status message, then (12) rebroadcast in the cluster (13) elseif demand of video of changes, then (14) renew a replay to the header (15) end if (16) // Measures of a cluster member (17) else (18) if demands video -ID = , then (19) if receives no status message on , then (20) as a header, sponsors a new cluster for (21) broadcasts a status message of the cluster (22) elseif receives a status message on , then (23) if has the same direction with header, then (24) if Header < /2, then (25) sends a reply message to header (26) end if (27) end if (28) // Determine the condition of a cluster member (29) end if (30) end if ( Then it can leave the cluster by sending a special reply message with -ID = 0 and -ID = 0. The header will delete the corresponding item in the record table if it receives this kind of reply.…”

A survey of evaluation platforms for ad hoc routing protocols: A resilience perspective

“…Signal attenuation [38], multifading [39], ambient noise [40], jamming attack [41], exposed node [42], traffic analysis [43], cryptanalysis [44] Mobility of nodes Wrong nodes distribution [45], wrong routing protocol configuration [46], sequence number replay [35], replay attack, sybil attack [18], tampering attack [47], Doppler shift [4] …”