A mixed methods study to examine the difficulties experienced and coping behaviours used by people with Type 2 diabetes of working age in Japan

Nakao, Tomomi; Shimizu, Yasuko; Nunoi, Kiyohide; Sato, Yuichi

doi:10.1080/20573316.2017.1394626

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The majority of our young participants were employed (88 patients, 77%), and before A1C was entered into the regression model, employment status was the most important determinant of self‐care behaviour. Previous studies show that when diabetes self‐care behaviours affect patients' work, they may choose not to comply with such behaviours (Lee et al, 2015; Nakao et al, 2017). This result may corroborate the finding that ‘self‐monitoring blood sugar outside the home’ and ‘exercising even when busy’ were found to be the two least performed self‐care behaviours by our participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycaemic control mediates the relationships of employment status and self‐stigma with self‐care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes

Lin¹,

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Aims and objectives:To investigate the relationships of sociodemographic factors, self-stigma, glycaemic control (measured by glycated haemoglobin (A1C)) and selfcare behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes.Background: Young adults aged 25-44 years are in their most productive period.Once diagnosed with diabetes, this population tends to experience poor glycaemic control and perform poorly in self-care activities. Such patterns may raise perceptions of self-stigma and further decrease motivations to engage in self-care behaviours in patients with diabetes.Design: A cross-sectional, correlational research design. Methods:The STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies were followed. A convenience sample of 115 participants was recruited from a medical centre in southern Taiwan. Instruments included the Self-Stigma Scale-Chinese version and the Diabetes Self-Care Behaviours Scale. Data were analysed using a three-step hierarchical regression analysis and the Sobel test. Results:The average age of the participants was 36.7 years. Marital status, employment status, self-stigma and A1C were significantly associated with self-care behaviours, and these four variables explained 43.6% of the variance in self-care behaviours.However, A1C (β = −.58, p < .001) was found to be the only determinant of self-care behaviours in the last regression model. The Sobel test showed that A1C had mediating effects on self-stigma and self-care behaviours as well as employment status and self-care behaviours. Conclusion:This study supports the interactive relationship among self-stigma, employment status, glycaemic control and self-care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes. Strategies aimed at optimising glycaemic control can help reduce the effects of self-stigma perceptions and employment status on the self-care behaviours of such patients.Relevance to clinical practice: More effective educational programmes should be designed to improve glycaemic control, lower the effects of employment and decrease | 583 LIN et aL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycaemic control mediates the relationships of employment status and self‐stigma with self‐care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes

Lin¹,

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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“…The same remorse could also be associated with these participants’ engagement in dietary modifications, such as implementing dietary plans strictly and patiently if the social environment was supportive ( Morinishi et al, in press ). The remorse may be augmented by the stigma caused by diabetes; for example, people with diabetes are considered by society to be “lazy” or “overeaters” ( Browne et al, 2013 ), and Japanese workers with T2DM perceive a stigma of being “unable to work” because of their diabetes ( Nakao et al, 2015 ). Japanese men with T2DM in the workforce may experience stigmatization in the workplace, and the remorse generated by stigma would force them to engage in dietary modifications strictly and patiently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Factors Motivating Male Japanese Workers With Type 2 Diabetes to Engage in Dietary Modifications: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

et al. 2023

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Introduction Japanese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) usually encounter work-related difficulties when engaging in dietary modifications. Hence, healthcare providers must understand the psychological factors, such as the needs and goals, that motivate them to engage in dietary modifications. Objective We aimed to describe the psychological factors motivating male Japanese workers with T2DM to engage in dietary modifications. Methods Using a qualitative descriptive design, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 male Japanese workers with T2DM and identified categories based on semantic differences using qualitative content analysis. Results The following eight categories emerged: (I want to) demonstrate my skills at work, be able to engage in dietary modifications on my own, avoid unpleasant symptoms caused by eating, avoid burdensome treatment, maintain my healthy life, get positive results in medical examinations, maintain my relationships with others, and enjoy healthy food. Conclusion The factors motivating the participants to engage in dietary modifications were realistic and sincere desires rooted in their ideal lives. Their desire to prioritize work emerged as an important factor. Healthcare providers should identify an individual's ideal daily life, including work aspects, and encourage individuals to set realistic and valuable goals.

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“…The questionnaire items were devised based on the results of a previous survey conducted from November 2012 to March 2013 to examine the challenges and coping methods around balancing work and self‐care (Nakao et al, ), and on articles and books on time management.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously investigated the difficulties of working patients with diabetes in relation to maintaining a balance between work and selfcare and their coping methods. A previous study found that problems related to adjusting the time scheduled for daily activities were associated with a sense of difficulty (Nakao, Shimizu, Nunoi, & Sato, 2017). For working patients with diabetes, efforts have been made to incorporate exercise therapy into daily life as a creative way of promoting recuperative activities without taking up additional time (Audrey et al, 2015;Procter, Mutrie, Davis, & Audrey, 2014), and exercise while commuting has been identified as one effective strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Daily Time Management Scale for Use by Working People with Type 2 Diabetes

Nakao

Takeishi

Nunoi

et al. 2019

Japan Journal Nursing Sci

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Aim The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to assess daily time management capabilities among working patients with diabetes and to test this scale's reliability and validity. Methods A self‐administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 277 diabetes outpatients, and data from 220 participants (mean age = 54.3 ± 10.2 years, 76.8% male) were analyzed. Questionnaire items were selected through exploratory factor analysis. During the process of developing the questionnaire, opinions were solicited from experts on education for patients with diabetes, and Cronbach's α was calculated as a coefficient of reliability. Correlations with the Instrument of Diabetes Self‐Care Agency (IDSCA) were examined and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to check for validity. Results Adequacy of a 4‐factor, 16‐item scale was confirmed. Cronbach's α coefficient was ≥.7 for the entire scale and for the subscale items. There was a significant correlation between total IDSCA scores and various factors (r = .280–.469). However, there was no correlation between the “adjustment of life rhythms” and parts of the IDSCA subscale. Conclusion Although some aspects warrant further investigation, the developed scale provides a reliable and valid means of assessing daily time management capabilities among working patients with diabetes, and can thus be applied to help diabetes patients to manage their daily lives.

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A mixed methods study to examine the difficulties experienced and coping behaviours used by people with Type 2 diabetes of working age in Japan

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Glycaemic control mediates the relationships of employment status and self‐stigma with self‐care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes

Glycaemic control mediates the relationships of employment status and self‐stigma with self‐care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes

Psychological Factors Motivating Male Japanese Workers With Type 2 Diabetes to Engage in Dietary Modifications: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

Development of the Daily Time Management Scale for Use by Working People with Type 2 Diabetes

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