A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Knowledge of Mosquito-Borne Infections and Barriers for Protection in Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract

Dengue is a growing problem in Hanoi, with cyclical epidemics of increasing frequency and magnitude. In June 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey using mixed methods to investigate how inhabitants of Hanoi perceive and respond to the risk of mosquito-borne diseases (MBD). A total of 117 participants recruited using a stratified random sampling method were interviewed in three districts of Hanoi. Knowledge and practices (KP) regarding MBDs were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire. Inferential statistics were used to identify factors associated with KP scores and describe the relationship between variables. Additionally, a “risk-mapping” exercise was conducted in a subsample through semi-structured interviews and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using the System Effects platform. Factors significantly associated with knowledge scores were education and family history of MBDs. While knowledge and practice scores were found to be positively correlated in the statistical analysis, this was not corroborated by our observations on the field. The results also revealed gaps in knowledge about MBDs and vectors and highlighted a general feeling of powerlessness which prevented the adoption of protective behaviors. Therefore, educational interventions which provide concrete tools to empower communities should have a positive impact on improving vector control.

Zoonotic Flavivirus Exposure in Peri-Urban and Suburban Pig-Keeping in Hanoi, Vietnam, and the Knowledge and Preventive Practices of Pig Farmers

“…In particular, the knowledge score was 9 out of 22, and the practice score was 2 from the total of 11. Pig keepers with university education depicted better knowledge and practices as compared to the primary level ( p < 0.05), which is in agreement with other studies aiming to support MBDs control for lower educational populations [ 25 , 26 ]. Most of the farmers of Hanoi knew that dengue and malaria are caused by mosquito vectors.…”

The Distribution and Composition of Vector Abundance in Hanoi City, Vietnam: Association with Livestock Keeping and Flavivirus Detection

“…aegypti. As shown in our previous studies, the preventive practices of households with and without livestock in the study sites was not good [23], and people often felt powerless with regards to mosquito prevention or perceived it as somebody else's responsibility [51]. Therefore, it is important to improve the practices related to larval and mosquito control of the people in order to minimize the transmission of MDBs in Hanoi city.…”

Dogs as Sentinels for Flavivirus Exposure in Urban, Peri-Urban and Rural Hanoi, Vietnam

“…In particular, window screening can block entry points for mosquitoes in a house [ 35 ], while repellents can influence mosquito olfaction [ 36 ]. Mosquito bed nets are the most commonly used measure by people in Hanoi, followed by anti-mosquito products such as insecticides, elimination of breeding sites and electric rackets, in order to prevent mosquitoes [ 37 ]. Water containers are the most likely breeding sites of some mosquito species such as Ae.…”