A Miniaturized Reconfigurable CRLH Leaky-Wave Antenna Using Complementary Split-Ring Resonators

Abstract

Composite Right-/Left-Handed (CRLH) Leaky-Wave Antennas (LWAs) are a class of radiating elements characterized by an electronically steerable radiation pattern. The design is comprised of a cascade of CRLH unit cells populated with varactor diodes. By varying the voltage across the varactor diodes, the antenna can steer its directional beam from broadside to backward and forward end-fire directions. In this paper, we discuss the design and experimental analysis of a miniaturized CRLH Leaky-Wave Antenna for the 2.4 GHz WiFi band. The miniaturization is achieved by etching Complementary Split-Ring Resonator (CSRR) underneath each CRLH unit cell. As opposed to the conventional LWA designs, we take advantage of a LWA layout that does not require thin interdigital capacitors; thus we significantly reduce the PCB manufacturing constraints required to achieve size reduction. The experimental results were compared with a nonminiaturized prototype in order to evaluate the differences in impedance and radiation characteristics. The proposed antenna is a significant achievement because it will enable CRLH LWAs to be a viable technology not only for wireless access points, but also potentially for mobile devices.

A Compact Frequency and Radiation Reconfigurable Antenna for 5G and Multistandard Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications

“…e optimization of the state transition for such antennas can be performed using genetic algorithms [13] to achieve a smooth transition among different defined states. A variety of pattern tunable antennas are reported based on different configurations, such as complementary split-ring resonators (CSRR) on the ground [14] and a very popular method of using microelectro-mechanical switches (MEMS) with coupling cells. Due to the increased interest in slot antennas for future wireless applications [15], they have also been presented in a frequency and pattern reconfigurable design [16].…”

A Miniaturized Periodic Microstrip Leaky Wave Antenna with Shorting Pins

“…Backward to forward beam-scanning capacity is easy to achieve by applying the composite right-/left-handed (CRLH) [6][7][8]. Unfortunately, CRLH leaky wave antenna design is highly, perhaps excessively, complex [9].…”