A miniaturized catheter 2-D array for real-time, 3-D intracardiac echocardiography

Lee, W.; Idriss, Salim F.; Wolf, Patrick D.; Smith, Stephen W.

doi:10.1109/tuffc.2004.1350962

Cited by 83 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…It may be necessary to lodge the catheter in a stable position relative to the target cardiac structure. One possibility is to lodge the catheter in coronary sinus as shown by Lee et al [17]. Another option is to gate the therapy pulses in synchrony with an electrocardiogram.…”

Section: B Linear Phased-array Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…echocardiography can provide views of the heart anatomy better than, or not available to, conventional transthoracic echocardiography [13], [14]. Real-time, 3-D intracardiac echocardiography catheters have visualized heart anatomy and been used to guide a number of surgical procedures in vivo in sheep, including radiofrequency ablation [15]- [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Finite-element analysis of temperature rise and lesion formation from catheter ultrasound ablation transducers

Gentry

Palmeri

Sachedina

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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Section: B Linear Phased-array Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite-element analysis of temperature rise and lesion formation from catheter ultrasound ablation transducers

Gentry

Palmeri

Sachedina

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

Self Cite

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“…Extensive research efforts have been carried out to develop large-area fully populated 2D ultrasonic transducer arrays [1][2][3]. These arrays are useful in applications such as real-time 3D ultrasound echocardiography and photo-acoustic tomography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional ultrasound transducers are based on the piezoelectric technology. Electrical interconnection to array elements can be realized by mechanically dicing array elements after the piezoelectric material is bonded to a printed circuit board (PCB), which is effectively a fanout structure [1,2]. Integration to IC is indirect, through the fanout structure, which adds parasitic capacitance that degrades signal integrity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of trench-isolated through-wafer interconnects with 2d capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer arrays

Zhuang

Ergun

Huang³

et al. 2007

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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This paper presents a method to provide electrical connection to a 2D capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) array. The interconnects are processed after the CMUTs are fabricated on the front side of a silicon wafer. Connections to array elements are made from the back side of the substrate via highly conductive silicon pillars that result from a deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) process. Flip-chip bonding is used to integrate the CMUT array with an integrated circuit (IC) that comprises the front-end circuits for the transducer and provides mechanical support for the trenchisolated array elements. Design, fabrication process and characterization results are presented. The advantages when compared to other through-wafer interconnect techniques are discussed.

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“…12,14,15 The pyramid angle is typically set at 65 degrees, but we have modified the system to produce up to a 120 degree pyramidal scan for a larger field of view up close to the transducer. 16 Transducer Design For the 5 MHz laparoscope, we adapted a design we have previously used for a side viewing intracardiac catheter transducer. The transducer was designed to fit into a 10 French catheter and has 198 active elements.…”

Section: Volumetric Scanner Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time 3D Laparoscopic Ultrasonography

et al. 2005

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We have previously described 2D array ultrasound transducers operating up to 10 MHz for applications including real time 3D transthoracic imaging, real time volumetric intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), real time 3D intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. We have recently built a pair of 2D array transducers for real time 3D laparoscopic ultrasonography (3D LUS), and real time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). These transducers are intended to be placed down a trocar during minimally invasive surgery. The first is a forward viewing 5 MHz, 11 x 19 array with 198 operating elements. It was built on an 8 layer multi-layer flex circuit. The interelement spacing is 0.20 mm yielding an aperture that is 2.2 mm x 3.8 mm. The O.D. of the completed transducer is 10.2 mm , and includes a 2 mm tool port. The average measured center frequency is 4.5 MHz, and the -6 dB bandwidth ranges from 15% to 30%. The 50 Ohm insertion loss, including Gore MicroFlat cabling, is -81.2 dB. The second transducer is a 7 MHz, 36 x 36 array with 504 operating elements. It was built upon a 10 layer multi-layer flex circuit. This transducer is in the forward viewing configuration, and the interelement spacing is 0.18 mm. The total aperture size is 6.48 mm x 6.48 mm. The O.D. of the completed transducer is 11.4 mm. The average measured center frequency is 7.2 MHz, and the -6 dB bandwidth ranges from 18% to 33%. The 50 Ohm insertion loss is -79.5 dB, including Gore MicroFlat cable. Real time in vivo 3D images of canine hearts have been made including an apical 4 chamber view from a substernal access with the first transducer to monitor cardiac function. In addition we produced real time 3D rendered images of the right pulmonary veins from a right parasternal access with the second transducer which would be valuable in the guidance of cardiac ablation catheters for treatment of atrial fibrillation.

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A miniaturized catheter 2-D array for real-time, 3-D intracardiac echocardiography

Cited by 83 publications

References 32 publications

Finite-element analysis of temperature rise and lesion formation from catheter ultrasound ablation transducers

Finite-element analysis of temperature rise and lesion formation from catheter ultrasound ablation transducers

Integration of trench-isolated through-wafer interconnects with 2d capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer arrays

Real-Time 3D Laparoscopic Ultrasonography

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