A mini review of electrochemical genosensor based biosensor diagnostic system for infectious diseases

Abstract

The quest for alternative methods is driven by the need to provide expertise in real time in biological fields such as medicine, pathogenic bacteria and viruses identification, food protection, and quality control. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) are examples of traditional methods that have some limitations and lengthy procedures. Biosensors are the most appealing option because they provide easy, dependable, fast, and selective detection systems compared to conventional methods. This review provides an overview of electrochemical genosensor based biosensor diagnostic system for infectious diseases detection as well as their applications, demonstrating their utility as a fast and responsive tool for detecting pathogenic bacteria, viruses, GMOs, and human diseases.

MicroRNA of N‐region from SARS‐CoV‐2: Potential sensing components for biosensor development

“…Numerous immobilization techniques (adsorption, covalent binding, cross‐linking, entrapment, bulk modification, and sol–gel) have been employed to attach biorecognition elements to various substrates, including nanomaterials. The transducer of the biosensor translates the interaction between the biorecognition elements‐target analyte into measurable signals for example, such as electrochemical, optical, thermal, piezoelectric, and mass‐sensitive sensors 63 …”

“…The transducer of the biosensor translates the interaction between the biorecognition elements-target analyte into measurable signals for example, such as electrochemical, optical, thermal, piezoelectric, and mass-sensitive sensors. 63 For future work, the development of DNA electrochemical biosensor for detection of SARS-CoV-2 comprises of the surface modification of the interdigitated electrode (IDE) using carbon quantum dots (CQDs), followed by functionalization of the surface-modified IDE by DNA probe, and detection of the virus miRNA via hybridization event between the DNA and miRNA through the electrochemical method (voltammetry). CQDs are zero-dimensional nanomaterials with less than 10 nm in size and exhibit a high surface-to-volume ratio that benefits the immobilizing significant amounts of biorecognition elements or linkers on their surfaces, thus enhanced the sensitivity and F I G U R E 8 Overview of the sensing approach for the detection of SARS-CoV-2.…”