A microstructural approach to the effective transport properties of multiphase composites

Fan, Z.

doi:10.1080/01418619608243005

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although these special materials are prepared from duplex calcium phosphate for hard tissue scaffolds, the structure is ideally suited for microwave metamaterials, and indeed the Michigan team have already begun to use the method for that purpose 34. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in the intelligent design of ceramic preforms for metal matrix composites35 in which, deliberately, nonhomogeneous structures are shown to have advantages over the planar‐random fiber arrangements presently in use 36…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine ceramic lattices prepared by extrusion freeforming

Yang

Chi

et al. 2006

J Biomed Mater Res

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Fine ceramic lattices with spatial resolution <100 microm and having precise dimensions and intricate hierarchical structure are fabricated by extrusion freeforming, a rapid prototyping technique, which allows overall shape and structure to be controlled by computer. The procedure can be used for any fine ceramic powder and can therefore find applications as diverse as microwave and terahertz metamaterials (artificial crystals), hard tissue scaffolds, microfluidic devices, and metal matrix composite preforms. The examples presented here are calcium phosphate lattices with three structure levels: submicron pores, which enhance cell-surface interactions, pores of tens of microns to encourage bone ingrowth, and corridors (hundreds of microns) for vascularization. With controlled pore structures on these scales, the lattices are expected to provide customized biological, mechanical, and geometrical requirements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine ceramic lattices prepared by extrusion freeforming

Yang

Chi

et al. 2006

J Biomed Mater Res

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“…Interestingly, the idea of controlling the distribution of reinforcing particles at the mesoscale to engineer unique microstructural architectures has emerged as an innovative approach to surmount current property trade-offs [9] [10,11]. Some notable examples of these architectures include: tri-modal [12], ring-structure [13], multi-filament [14], and layered structures [10,11,15], which represent a drastic departure from the original idea that a homogenous distribution of reinforcing particles is a prerequisite to optimal mechanical behavior [6,16,17]. An example involving the development of a fiber-like geometry by controlling the stacking of CNTs during consolidation is provided by the work of Jiang et al [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening of aluminum matrix nanocomposites via spatial arrays of boron carbide spherical nanoparticles

et al. 2016

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To enhance the toughness of metal matrix nanocomposites, we demonstrate a strategy that involves the introduction of spatial arrays of nanoparticles. Specifically, we describe an approach to synthesize a microstructure characterized by arrays of fiber-like nanoparticle-rich (NPR) zones that contain spherical nanoparticles of boron carbide (sn-B 4 C) embedded in an ultrafine grained (UFG) aluminum alloy matrix. A combination of cryomilling and hot-extrusion was used to obtain this particular microstructure, and the mechanical behavior and operative strengthening and deformation mechanisms were investigated in detail. When compared to an equivalent unreinforced material, the presence of the array of NPR zones contributed to a 26% increase in tensile strength. Moreover, when compared to a nanocomposite containing 2 a homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles, a 30% increase in toughness was observed. High nanohardness values obtained for the NPR zones and the observation of "pull-out" phenomena on fracture surfaces, suggest that the NPR zones behave as "hard" fiber-like units that can effectively sustain tensile loading and thereby enhance the strengthening efficiency of sn-B 4 C. Also, the presence of the array of NPR zones surrounded by nanoparticle-free (NPF) zones led to an enhancement in strength with limited loss in ductility. This behavior was rationalized on the basis of a low value of the Schmid factor in regions adjacent to NPR zones, coupled with the ease of dislocation movement in NPF zones. Finally, the ratio of the plastic zone size to the size of the "hard" NPR zones is proposed as an important factor that governs the overall toughness of the nanocomposite.

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“…Similarly, thermal properties, dielectric properties, permeation properties, and other transport properties 9 are related to volume fraction and to the geometry of the dispersed phase. A newer approach to such composites attempts to relate properties not just to volume fraction but to contiguity and hence continuous volume fraction of the dispersed phase, thus subsuming the many simple volume fraction relationships but requiring additional quantitative microstructural information, some of which might be deduced from electron microscope images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nominal and Effective Volume Fractions in Polymer−Clay Nanocomposites

Chen

Evans

2006

Macromolecules

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This paper aims to clarify the calculation of effective phase volume fractions in polymer-clay nanocomposites so that conventional composite theory for the volume fraction dependencies of properties can be applied. In this way, such nanocomposites, which are treated as a separate class of composites, can be brought under the umbrella of general composite theory so that property predictions and formulation decisions can have a wider theoretical base. Intercalation results in the expansion of the dispersed phase and absorption of the continuous phase so that the reinforcing unit is itself a composite. In exfoliation, a high surface area of dispersed phase is presented to the continuous phase with consequences for adsorption and immobilization. Many nanocomposites are a mixture of these two modes for which a theoretical expression is also needed.

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A microstructural approach to the effective transport properties of multiphase composites

Cited by 40 publications

References 30 publications

Fine ceramic lattices prepared by extrusion freeforming

Fine ceramic lattices prepared by extrusion freeforming

Toughening of aluminum matrix nanocomposites via spatial arrays of boron carbide spherical nanoparticles

Nominal and Effective Volume Fractions in Polymer−Clay Nanocomposites

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