A micro-scaled graphene-based tree-shaped wideband printed MIMO antenna for terahertz applications

Babu, K. Vasu; Das, Sudipta; Varshney, Gaurav; Sree, Gorre Naga Jyothi; Madhav, B. T. P.

doi:10.1007/s10825-021-01831-3

Cited by 74 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…TARC of acceptable value defines mutual coupling and also signifies the signal combinations between ports. For a 2‐port MIMO, T R is mathematically represented as 69

T^{R} goodbreak= \sqrt{\sum_{i = 1}^{2} {|R_{i}|}^{2}} / \sqrt{\sum_{i = 1}^{2} {|I_{i}|}^{2}}

where I i = Incident type signal parameter and R i = reflected type signal parameter.…”

Section: Mimo Diversity Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband sub‐6 GHz flower‐shaped MIMO antenna with high isolation using theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) for 5G NR bands and WLAN applications

Babu¹,

Das²,

Ali

et al. 2023

Int J Communication

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A small size neutralization line integrated flower-shaped MIMO antenna is designed and analyzed for sub-6 GHz type 5G NR frequency bands like n79 (4400-5000 MHz), n78 (3300-3800 MHz), n77 (3300-4200 MHz), and WLAN (5150-5825 MHz) applications. The novel approach of theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) is introduced to provide physical insight of the designed structure and its characteristics behavior. Due to the suggested modifications in the geometry, the isolation among the patches is greatly increased.The overall miniaturized dimension of the MIMO antenna is 25 Â 40 mm 2 . The edge-edge spacing among the elements is 0.0233λ. The prototype antenna is fabricated and measured that shows good agreement compared with simulated results. The designed MIMO antenna without the presence of decoupling structure offers an isolation of 28 dB, gain of 3.6 dBi, and radiation efficiency of 69.7% at the resonant frequency. The proposed MIMO antenna covers a broad range of frequency band from 3.296 to 5.962 GHz with À10 dB impedance bandwidth of 2666 MHz and maintains a good isolation of greater than 50 dB for the entire operating band. The tested radiation efficiency and gain are 85.3% and 6.22 dBi at 3.5 GHz. Moreover, the diversity parameters of the neutralization line integrated MIMO antenna, that is, channel capacity loss (CCL) isolation, mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC) diversity gain (DG), and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), are analyzed and discussed in this article.

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“…TARC of acceptable value defines mutual coupling and also signifies the signal combinations between ports. For a 2‐port MIMO, T R is mathematically represented as 69

T^{R} goodbreak= \sqrt{\sum_{i = 1}^{2} {|R_{i}|}^{2}} / \sqrt{\sum_{i = 1}^{2} {|I_{i}|}^{2}}

where I i = Incident type signal parameter and R i = reflected type signal parameter.…”

Section: Mimo Diversity Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband sub‐6 GHz flower‐shaped MIMO antenna with high isolation using theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) for 5G NR bands and WLAN applications

Babu¹,

Das²,

Ali

et al. 2023

Int J Communication

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show abstract

“…This MIMO antenna has a size of 700 Â 700 μ m 2 , which is compact except. 14,15,25,26 The MIMO antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of 0.126 THz. The radiation efficiency of the antenna is 97.5% which is better than others except.…”

Section: Mimo Diversity Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 3 compares the proposed MIMO antenna to prior published studies. This MIMO antenna has a size of

700 \times 700

normalμ

m 2 , which is compact except 14,15,25,26 . The MIMO antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of 0.126 THz.…”

Section: Mimo Diversity Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, a four‐element MIMO antenna with an impedance bandwidth of 0.114 THz and isolation of less than −17 dB but a massive antenna dimension of

2000 \times 1000 \times 64

normalμ

m 3 23 . An UWB MIMO patch antenna with a dimension of

1600 \times 800

normalμ

m 2 that operates in the 0.618 to 1 THz frequency band was proposed in Singh et al 24 A tree‐shaped graphene‐based microstrip MIMO antenna for terahertz applications was proposed 25 . The proposed MIMO antenna was designed on a

600 \times 300

normalμ

m 2 polyimide substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 An UWB MIMO patch antenna with a dimension of 1600 Â 800 μ m 2 that operates in the 0.618 to 1 THz frequency band was proposed in Singh et al 24 A tree-shaped graphene-based microstrip MIMO antenna for terahertz applications was proposed. 25 The proposed MIMO antenna was designed on a 600 Â 300 μ m 2 polyimide substrate. A novel approach tri-element MIMO THz antenna was designed to cover wide band characteristics from 2.44-3.09 THz for medical, short-indoor, and THz applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of path loss and channel capacity in quad element MIMO antenna for terahertz communication systems

Singh

Mahto

Kumar

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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A quad element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with improved impedance bandwidth of 0.126 THz (0.198-0.324 THz) by using defected ground structure (DGS) is proposed for terahertz applications. The four elements are placed orthogonally to one another to reduce mutual coupling and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC). The maximum isolation of the proposed MIMO antenna is 34 dB at 0.290 THz frequency. The diversity performance characteristics of the proposed antenna are studied in terms of ECC, diversity gain (DG), mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and isolation between the ports, and the obtained values are 0.05, 9.9, AE 3, À5, À10, respectively. Each antenna has a peak gain of 4.4 dBi with an average radiation efficiency of 92.5%. The proposed MIMO antenna is designed on a Rogers RO4003 substrate having a dielectric constant of 3.55, and a loss tangent of 0.0027 with a dimension of 700 Â 700 Â 55 μ m 3 .Further analyses of path loss in free space, atmospheric absorption, and roughness factor in indoor surfaces for THz communication are also studied. The designed MIMO antenna is suitable for high-speed short distance communication, video-rate imaging, biomedical imaging, sensing, and security scanning in the THz frequency band.

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Design of Monopole Ground Graphene Disc-Inserted THz Antenna for Future Wireless Systems

Babu¹,

Sree²,

Kumutha³

et al. 2023

Advanced Structured Materials

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A micro-scaled graphene-based tree-shaped wideband printed MIMO antenna for terahertz applications

Cited by 74 publications

References 53 publications

Broadband sub‐6 GHz flower‐shaped MIMO antenna with high isolation using theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) for 5G NR bands and WLAN applications

Broadband sub‐6 GHz flower‐shaped MIMO antenna with high isolation using theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) for 5G NR bands and WLAN applications

Analysis of path loss and channel capacity in quad element MIMO antenna for terahertz communication systems

Design of Monopole Ground Graphene Disc-Inserted THz Antenna for Future Wireless Systems

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