A methodological approach to potential vegetation modeling using GIS techniques and phytosociological expert-knowledge: application to mainland Portugal

Capelo, Jorge; Mesquita, Sandra; Costa, José Carlos; Ribeiro, Sílvia; Arsénio, Pedro; Neto, Carlos; Monteiro‐Henriques, Tiago; Aguiar, Carlos; Honrado, João P.; Espírito-Santo, Dalila; Lousã, Mário

doi:10.1127/0340-269x/2007/0037-0399

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The study area is within the natural potential vegetation area of the Asparago AphylliQuerco suberis S. vegetation series corresponding to the thermomediterranean to low mesomediterranean thermotypes and to the subhumid to humid ombrotypes (Capelo et al 2007 (Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is cork oak (Quercus suber L.) woodland loss driven by eucalyptus plantation? A case-study in southwestern Portugal

Costa¹,

Madeira²,

Lima³

2014

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionLandscapes with cork oak (Quercus suber L.) in southwestern Iberia (called montados in Portugal, dehesas in Spain) are cultural (wood-pastures) human-shaped landscapes, as defined by Manning et al. (2006). Despite strong disturbances caused by changes in human activity, these open woodland ecosystems mimic natural ecosystems (Joffre et al. 1999, Pereira & Fonseca 2003. Their high biodiversity (Bugalho et al. 2011) contributes to the heterogeneity of the landscape mosaic, including (open) woodlands, shrublands, and open farmland (Vallejo et al. 2006), and to the existing nested, multifunctional spatial structure, as characterized by Santos & Thorne (2010).In the last 50 years, imminent multiple changes, including agricultural conversion and new forest plantations (Martínez et al. 2010), have drastically affected the sustainability of Mediterranean woodland ecosystems, leading to their classification as at-risk native biodiversity hotspots (Myers et al. 2000). Assessment of the dynamics of these landscapes and the identification of the driving factors responsible for the current change processes are thus strongly needed.Recent changes reported for cork oak woodland landscapes were mainly related to stressful environmental conditions (e.g., soil type and hydrological regime - Costa et al. 2008Costa et al. , 2010, disturbance regimes (e.g., wildfire occurrence -Moreira et al. 2001), vulnerable agricultural economy (changing the incentive structure of successive Common Agricultural Policy reforms of the European Union), and labor force availability (PintoCorreia 2000, Plieninger 2006. These changes usually result in: (i) a more intense land use (e.g., higher grazing pressure, modern permanent-crop farming systems, or eucalyptus plantations); and (ii) an extended land use (e.g., shrubland encroachment in set-aside or burnt areas); and, therefore, (iii) a shift from the traditional multifunctional landscape to different singlefunction landscapes.Information on oak woodland landscape dynamics has been reported in Spain for cork oak and holm oak (Quercus ilex) dehesas (Cano et al. 2003, Plieninger 2006, and for mixed forests of cork oak and Algerian oak (Quercus canariensis -Urbieta et al. 2008), which emphasized the effect of environmental factors (climate and physiographical conditions) on oak woodland mosaic shifts. In California, for Quercus spp. woodlands, Huntsinger & Bartolome (1992) and Santos & Thorne (2010) concluded that different combinations of management intensities decisively affected oak woodland restoration and conservation. For southern Portugal, shifting rates and patterns of cork oak woodlands have been reported by Acácio et al. (2009), Costa et al. (2009, 2011. In these studies, changes in oak woodland landscapes always result in effective net losses of open farmland and cork oak woodlands, and in an expansion of forest plantations (pine and eucalyptus) or shrubland. However, none of the aforementioned studies analyzed where and how oak woodland land...

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is cork oak (Quercus suber L.) woodland loss driven by eucalyptus plantation? A case-study in southwestern Portugal

Costa¹,

Madeira²,

Lima³

2014

iForest

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“…They were interpreted from aerial photos drawing upon expert knowledge as to the most likely PNV types (e.g. Tü xen 1956;Moravec 1998;Capelo et al 2007). …”

Section: Simplified Modelling Of Potential Natural Vegetation (Pnv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were interpreted manually by expert opinion, thus introducing the problem of replication and subjective mapping (Capelo et al 2007). This subjective reconstruction of vegetation types, however, affected less than 4.8% of the 1959 map and less than 4.2% of the PNV map.…”

Section: Vegetation Map Uncertainties and Underestimation Of Vegetatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent forest limit changes in south-east Norway: Effects of climate change or regrowth after abandoned utilisation?

Bryn¹

2008

Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography

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Recent forest limit changes in south-east Norway: Effects of climate change or regrowth after abandoned utilisation? ANDERS BRYN Bryn, A. 2008. Recent forest limit changes in south-east Norway: Effects of climate change or regrowth after abandoned utilisation? Norsk Geografisk TidsskriftÁNorwegian Journal of Geography Vol. 62, 251Á270. Oslo. ISSN 0029-1951.The forest limits of south-east Norway have expanded to higher altitudes. Two main processes are believed to cause these changes: regrowth after abandonment of human utilisation and recent climate changes. The article aims at separating the effects of these two processes on the upper forest limits and recent forest expansion. Four datasets representing 161.5 km 2 have been used: climate data, downscaled climate change scenario data, forest height growth, and four vegetation maps. The maps represent the years 1959 and 2001, potential natural vegetation (PNV), and a climate change scenario (CCS). The recent upper potential climatic and edaphic forest limit (UPCEFL) was used to define the potential for forest regrowth after the abandonment of human utilisation. Forest height growth and climate data were then used to analyse any supplementary effect of recent climate change. The projected future forest limits were based on the IPCC IS92a scenario for 2020Á2049. The results show that raised forest limits and forest range expansion often attributed to recent climate change is rather the product of regrowth, a process that was climatically retarded from 1959 to 1995. For the period 1995Á2006, the data indicate a preliminary effect of climate change escalating the regrowth and probably pushing the future forest limits to higher altitudes.

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“…Durante a última década, a europa tem vindo a assistir a uma crescente consciencialização sobre a importância da cartografia da VnP e sua utilidade como uma ferra menta para apoiar as actuais estratégias de Ordenamento e Planeamento do terri tório (Bohn et al, 2003;Cross, 2006;Capelo et al, 2007;Zampieri e Lionello;, neto et al, 2008Mucina, 2010). Os mapas de distribuição da VnP, e também de distribuição potencial de habitats e de espécies, representam um importante contributo para as florestas, agricultura, recursos hídricos, Conservação da natureza e Ordenamento do território.…”

Section: Vegetação Natural Potencial (Vnp) E Os Modelos De Distribuiçunclassified

Modelação Preditiva Da Vegetação Natural Potencial Do Concelho De Loures.

Gutierres¹

2015

FIT

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Resumo -O conceito de Vegetação natural Potencial (VnP) e a sua representação cartográfica assume uma importância primordial para a maioria dos países europeus nas questões relacionadas com o restauro de habitats. Dada a relação existente entre as séries de vegetação de um território e os factores ambientais, este artigo visa o desenvolvimento de modelação predictiva da VnP para o concelho de Loures (aML). atendendo à possibilidad e de integração de um vasto conhecimento empírico, utilizou-se uma abordagem de modelação precedida de classificação de séries de vegetação (classification-then-modelling). Para averiguar a relação entre 6 séries de vegetação e um conjunto de 8 variáveis ambientais recorr eu-se a Modelos de Distribuição de espécies (sDM) aplicados ao nível da comunidade, suportados em sistemas de informação geográfica (sig) e em modelos de regressão, machine learning e rule-based. Os resultados obtidos permitiram aferir o modo como os gradientes ecológicos determinam a ocorrência das séries de vegetação. a cartografia predictiva da VnP resultante do modelo da Máxima entropia, foi ainda validada com a cartografia oficial da VnP do concelho de Loures (precisão global de 88%). Dado que a gestão e conservação da biodiversidade é frequentemente desenvolvida a escalas de grand e detalhe, o sDM possibilita a integração de observações directas de comunidades vegetais, e uma interpretação da distribuição local da VnP ao longo de gradientes ambientais. (lisbon MetroPolitan area). the concept of Potential natural Vegetation (PnV) and its mapping have become extremely important within the scope of habitat restoration in almost every european country. the aim of this study is to predict the PnV in Loures based on the vegetation series and the main environmental variables. the modelling approach is based on the distribution of communities referred to as classification-thenmodelling. subsequently, several statistical model-fitting techniques, such as regression models, machine learning and rule-based, were successfully applied to the survey data (vegetation series; and 8 environmental/predictor variables). the spatial database was organized as a geo graphic information system (gis) and was also used to perform the species Distribution Models (sDM) at community level. the results show a high corres pondence between the vegetation series and the environmental gradients. the predicted PnV maps based on the Maximum entropy Model were validated with the official map of the PnV of Loures, and presented an overall accuracy of 88%. Often, conservation planning and biodiver sity resource management is carried out at more detailed scales, where sDM allows integration of community direct observations and improve our interpretation of PnV local distributions along environmental gradients. PalavrasKey words: Potential natural Vegetation, vegetation series, spatial modeling and land use planning, Loures (Portugal).Résumé -uM Modèle Prédictif de la végétation naturelle du concelho de loures. Le concept de Végétation naturelle Pote...

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A methodological approach to potential vegetation modeling using GIS techniques and phytosociological expert-knowledge: application to mainland Portugal

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Is cork oak (Quercus suber L.) woodland loss driven by eucalyptus plantation? A case-study in southwestern Portugal

Is cork oak (Quercus suber L.) woodland loss driven by eucalyptus plantation? A case-study in southwestern Portugal

Recent forest limit changes in south-east Norway: Effects of climate change or regrowth after abandoned utilisation?

Modelação Preditiva Da Vegetação Natural Potencial Do Concelho De Loures.

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