A Method to Quantify Combustible Carbon

Harjo, C. O.; Teeter, R. G.

doi:10.3382/ps.0731914

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…The birds' feed intake in each cage was noted in terms of excreta accumulation. The gross energy of feed and excreta were determined by a bomb calorimeter (C5003 ika, GMBIT CO., Staufen, Germany) (Harjo & Teeter, 1994). AME values were measured using the blow formula: AME (Kcal/Kg) = [(Feed intake× Gross energy diet ) -(Excreta output× Gross energy excreta )] / Feed intake…”

Section: Apparent Metabolizable Energy Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Conditioning Temperatures and Times on the Pellet Quality, Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Ileal Microbial Population, and Apparent Metabolizable Energy in Broiler Chickens

Salahshour,

Vakili,

Nameghi

2023

Braz. J. Poult. Sci.

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This experiment was conducted for 42 days, and aimed to investigate the effect of conditioning temperature and time on feed quality, performance, jejunum morphology, ileal microbial population, and apparent metabolizable energy in broilers. According to the completely randomized design (CRD) in a factorial arrangement 2*3 (conditioning temperatures: 65 and 75 °C; conditioning times: 30, 60, and 90 second), 540 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly distributed among six treatments with six replications, each replicate including 15 birds. Treatments included: 1) 65-30, 2) 65-60, 3) 65-90, 4) 75-30, 5) 75-60, 6) 75-90. The results showed that 60 seconds of conditioning at 75 °C increased the pellet durability index (PDI) in the starter diets (p<0.05). In the grower and finisher diets, groups (65-60) and (65-90) showed the highest PDI (p<0.05). Broilers fed diets conditioned at 75 °C for 60 s showed more body weight gain (p<0.05). On days 25 and 42, the highest villus height (VH) was observed in treatment (75-60), and 60 s steam conditioning increased crypt depth (CD) (p<0.05). At 75 o C, the number of goblet cells decreased, while their highest number was observed at 30 and 60 s on 25 d (p<0.05). Conditioning at 75 °C for 60 s enhanced the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) in broilers (p<0.05). In conclusion, 60 s conditioning at 75 °C improved the PDI of starter diets, performance, villus height, and AME, while the suitable temperature and pelleting time for grower and finisher diets were (65-60) and (65-90).

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Section: Apparent Metabolizable Energy Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Conditioning Temperatures and Times on the Pellet Quality, Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Ileal Microbial Population, and Apparent Metabolizable Energy in Broiler Chickens

Salahshour,

Vakili,

Nameghi

2023

Braz. J. Poult. Sci.

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Effects of conditioning time and activated sodium bentonite on pellet quality, performance, intestinal morphology, and nutrients retention in growing broilers fed wheat-soybean meal diets

Pour

Kermanshahi

Golian

2021

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Effects of conditioning time and sodium bentonite on pellet quality, growth performance, intestinal morphology and nutrient retention in finisher broilers

Attar

Kermanshahi

Golian

2017

British Poultry Science

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1. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of steam-conditioning time and different levels of processed sodium bentonite (PSB) on pellet quality, growth performance, intestinal development and morphology, and nutrient digestibilities in broilers during finisher period (d 24-45). 2. A total of 810 male chicks were reared in commercial conditions on floor pens till d 24. Then, birds were weighed and used in a completely randomised design experiment with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, including three levels of conditioning times (0, 2 and 4 min) and three PSB levels (0, 7.5 and 15 g/kg diet). Each of the 9 diets fed to 6 replicates group of 15 birds each. 3. The results showed that 2-min steam conditioning and 15 g/kg PSB supplementation significantly increased pellet durability index (PDI) and hardness, and decreased electrical consumption of pelleting. Diets had no significant effects on body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Although dietary treatments did not influence relative weight and length of three segments of small intestine, 2-min steam conditioning significantly improved villus height (VH) and crypt depth. Steam conditioning of diet for 2 min significantly increased apparent metabolisable energy (AME), ether extract (EE), calcium (Ca) and dry matter (DM) retention in birds measured during 38-42 d of age. 4. It could be concluded that 2-min steam conditioning improved PDI and hardness, VH and nutrient retention (AME, EE, Ca and DM), but did not affect growth performance in broilers during finisher period.

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A Method to Quantify Combustible Carbon

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Different Conditioning Temperatures and Times on the Pellet Quality, Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Ileal Microbial Population, and Apparent Metabolizable Energy in Broiler Chickens

Effect of Different Conditioning Temperatures and Times on the Pellet Quality, Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Ileal Microbial Population, and Apparent Metabolizable Energy in Broiler Chickens

Effects of conditioning time and activated sodium bentonite on pellet quality, performance, intestinal morphology, and nutrients retention in growing broilers fed wheat-soybean meal diets

Effects of conditioning time and sodium bentonite on pellet quality, growth performance, intestinal morphology and nutrient retention in finisher broilers

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