A method for measuring the light output of video advertising reproduced by LED billboards

Fiorentin, P.; Boscaro, Federico

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2019.02.021

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Artificial light at night (ALAN) is identified as an important driver of environmental change in the 21st century (Davies et al 2012;Davies and Smyth, 2018;Hölker et al 2010). Still an underestimated challenge for the ecological environment (Gaston et al 2013;Guette et al 2018;Lyytimaki 2013), ALAN may exacerbate already precarious conditions for nocturnal organisms (Desouhant et al 2019;Fiorentin and Boscaro 2019;Owens et al 2019;Tahkamo et al 2019), and even leave traces into daytime (Knop et al 2017). Recent reviews point out that artificial light at night impacts practically all aspects in the life cycle of nocturnal insects: orientation, movement, foraging pattern, mate choice, predator availability, larval development, physiological processes and, last, but not least, adaptive and behavioral traits (Desouhant et al 2019;Owens et al 2019;Owens and Lewis 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low impact of two LED colors on nocturnal insect abundance and bat activity in a peri-urban environment

et al. 2020

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) is an important driver of change in ecological environments of the 21th century. We investigated the impact on nocturnal insect abundance and bat activity of two LED light colors (warm-white 2700 K, cold-white 6500 K) in a peri-urban environment. Bat activity (predominantly Pipistrellus pipistrellus) was largely driven by prey availability (insects), while insect abundance was responsive to nightly weather conditions (precipitation, temperature). Thus, both insects and bats were not differentially responsive to cold-white or warm-white LEDs. These findings are largely in contrast with literature, particularly for insects. However, as most published experiments on ALAN were conducted in areas that were lit solely for the purpose of the experiment, we would like to bring forward that (1) adaptation to environmental constraints may play a role in peri-urban environments that have been exposed to ALAN for many decades; or (2) impacts of cold-white LEDs on nocturnal insects may be lower than expected, because nocturnal insects adapted to low-light conditions may be put off by cold white light sources (6500 K).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low impact of two LED colors on nocturnal insect abundance and bat activity in a peri-urban environment

et al. 2020

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“…As Besecke and Hansch (2015, 237–38) write, it is the overlapping of multiple light sources—street lighting, road traffic, and illuminated ads, and so on—that is responsible for increased disturbance. Finally, planners need to also consider issues of luminance for bright and dark surroundings, and speed of moving images (Fiorentin and Boscaro 2019; Zielinska-Dabkowska and Xavia 2019).…”

Section: Reducing Lp: Best Practices Policy and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

City Light or Star Bright: A Review of Urban Light Pollution, Impacts, and Planning Implications

Pothukuchi

2021

Journal of Planning Literature

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Light pollution (LP) is a growing scourge in metropolitan areas yet is largely ignored by planners. It has negative impacts on the health of humans and of wildlife and threatens views of the night sky. This article reviews adverse impacts in multiple categories, highlights mitigation strategies, and makes the case for more engagement in planning scholarship and practice especially in the United States. Defining LP and balancing competing values in its mitigation are political acts, challenged by, among other things, lack of public awareness, the primacy of energy efficiency among factors in decision-making, and the association of more light with greater security.

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“…It is also indirectly connected with the adaptation of the observer (driver) to the prevailing night lighting conditions. Excessive luminance contrast in the driver's field of vision can interfere with his visual perception (Domke et al 2011;Fiorentin and Boscaro 2019). The luminance contrast C is the ratio of the difference between the luminance of the observed object (maximum luminance of the advertising medium) and the average luminance of the background, related to the average luminance value of the background and can be calculated according to the formula (2) (EN 13201-3 2016): where: C -the luminance contrast, L Tmax -maximal value of the luminance of the advertising medium (cd/m 2 ), L Bave -the mean value of the ambient background luminance of the advertising medium (cd/m 2 ).…”

Section: Identification Of Parameters Of Advertising Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is connected with the adaptation of the observer to night lighting conditions. Excessive luminance contrast in the driver's field of vision can disturb the driver's perception of road objects (Fiorentin and Boscaro 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedure for Measuring the Luminance of Roadway Billboards and Preliminary Results

Tomczuk

Chrzanowicz

Jaśkowskí

2020

LEUKOS

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Advertising media installed in the vicinity of the road may pose a potential threat to road safety. The driver's perception of advertising depends on a number of factors, including the time of day, the location and dimensions of the medium, the luminance value, and the way the light is emitted. However, the excessive or incorrect distribution of media luminance in the driver's field of vision, especially at night, may have a significant effect on the disturbance of the visual process. The driver's night vision is generally adapted to low ambient luminance values, illuminated by vehicle and road lighting. Limiting the emission parameters of advertising by means of luminance values is one of the most common legal requirements in many countries, in the context of consent to the location of advertising on roads. For many years now, billboards with unknown emission characteristics and luminance values have been functioning in Poland. Exploitation of advertising media in the vicinity of roads requires the consent of the road manager to install the advertising media, which so far has not required confirmation of the maximum luminance values obtained. This led to the installation of aggressive advertisements on the roads, which disturbed the drivers. In order to determine whether there is a problem of excessive luminance of media in Poland and how high is the percentage of media, pilot studies were carried out on road sections selected by the research team. In the paper have been presented the results of measurements of light parameters (luminance of the carrier, luminance of the background and calculated contrast) and geometric dimensions of the advertising surface, using the original author's procedure for 227 advertisements located in selected locations in Poland. The obtained measurement results showed that the permissible luminance levels were exceeded many times in the group of advertisements using LED sources. The authors have proposed to introduce a unified, operational procedure for measuring the luminance parameters of advertising media. The undertaken research is aimed at developing guidelines for road infrastructure managers concerning the reduction of brightness of advertisements located in the vicinity of roads.

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A method for measuring the light output of video advertising reproduced by LED billboards

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Low impact of two LED colors on nocturnal insect abundance and bat activity in a peri-urban environment

Low impact of two LED colors on nocturnal insect abundance and bat activity in a peri-urban environment

City Light or Star Bright: A Review of Urban Light Pollution, Impacts, and Planning Implications

Procedure for Measuring the Luminance of Roadway Billboards and Preliminary Results

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