A meta-analysis of the association between obesity and COVID-19

Jiao, Yang; Ma, Zhiying; Lei, Yan-Chang

doi:10.1017/s0950268820003027

Cited by 45 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Obesity alone was also associated with increased risk of secondary adverse outcomes (pneumonia, hospitalization, IMV, and ICU admission). This is consistent with a recent metanalysis which found that obesity was a significant risk factor for having a positive test for SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 severity, hospitalization, IMV, ICU admission, and mortality [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…One study found that higher obesity classes gradually increase short-term mortality risk [27]. However, one metanalysis found that obesity increases the risk of mortality, COVID-19 severity, and other adverse outcomes in an non-body mass index dependent fashion [26]. Another limitation is that comorbidities could have not been objectively assessed in our study since these were mainly determined through anamnesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Obesity is a strong risk factor for short-term mortality and adverse outcomes in Mexican patients with COVID-19: a national observational study

et al. 2021

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Conflicting results have been obtained through meta-analyses for the role of obesity as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), possibly due to the inclusion of predominantly multimorbid patients with severe COVID-19. Here, we aimed to study obesity alone or in combination with other comorbidities as a risk factor for short-term all-cause mortality and other adverse outcomes in Mexican patients evaluated for suspected COVID-19 in ambulatory units and hospitals in Mexico. We performed a retrospective observational analysis in a national cohort of 71 103 patients from all 32 states of Mexico from the National COVID-19 Epidemiological Surveillance Study. Two statistical models were applied through Cox regression to create survival models and logistic regression models to determine risk of death, hospitalisation, invasive mechanical ventilation, pneumonia and admission to an intensive care unit, conferred by obesity and other comorbidities (diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, immunosuppression, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease). Models were adjusted for other risk factors. From 24 February to 26 April 2020, 71 103 patients were evaluated for suspected COVID-19; 15 529 (21.8%) had a positive test for SARS-CoV-2; 46 960 (66.1%), negative and 8614 (12.1%), pending results. Obesity alone increased adjusted mortality risk in positive patients (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.04–2.98), but not in negative and pending-result patients. Obesity combined with other comorbidities further increased risk of death (DM: HR = 2.79, 95% CI 2.04–3.80; immunosuppression: HR = 5.06, 95% CI 2.26–11.41; hypertension: HR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.77–3.01) and other adverse outcomes. In conclusion, obesity is a strong risk factor for short-term mortality and critical illness in Mexican patients with COVID-19; risk increases when obesity is present with other comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Obesity is a strong risk factor for short-term mortality and adverse outcomes in Mexican patients with COVID-19: a national observational study

et al. 2021

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show abstract

“…Obesity alone was also associated with increased risk of secondary adverse outcomes (pneumonia, hospitalisation, IMV, and ICU admission). This is consistent with a recent metanalysis which found that obesity was a significant risk factor for having a positive test for SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 severity, hospitalisation, IMV, ICU admission, and mortality [15].…”

Section: Sars-supporting

confidence: 92%

“…One study found that higher obesity classes gradually increase short-term mortality risk [16]. However, one metanalysis found that obesity increases the risk of mortality, COVID-19 severity, and other adverse outcomes in an non-body mass index dependent fashion [15]. Other limitations include the retrospective observational limitation of our study, and the unavailability of treatments in the dataset to evaluate their potential impact on mortality risks.…”

Section: Sars-mentioning

confidence: 88%

Obesity is a strong independent risk factor for short-term mortality and adverse outcomes in Mexican patients with COVID-19: A national observational study

Kammar-García

Vera-Zertuche

Mancilla-Galindo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We aimed to study obesity alone or in combination with other comorbidities as a risk factor for short-term all-cause mortality and other adverse outcomes in Mexican patients evaluated for suspected COVID-19. We performed a retrospective observational analysis in a national cohort of 71,103 patients. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to determine risk of death, hospitalisation, invasive mechanical ventilation, pneumonia, and admission to an intensive care unit, conferred by obesity and other comorbidities From February 24 to April 26, 2020, 71,103 patients were evaluated for suspected COVID-19; 15,529 (21.8%) had a positive test for SARS-CoV-2; 46,960 (66.1%), negative, and 8,614 (12.1%), pending results. Obesity alone increased adjusted mortality risk in positive patients (HR=2.37, 95%CI:1.96-2.86), but not in negative and pending-result patients. In conclusion, obesity is a strong independent risk factor for short-term mortality and critical illness in Mexican patients with COVID-19; risk increases when obesity is present with other comorbidities.

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“…This result was in line with previous studies. Yang et al in a meta-analysis study (25) showed that obesity was linked to a higher risk of COVID-19 disease [OR=1.39] and severity of COVID-19 (hospitalization rate [OR= 2.45], severe cases [OR=3.74], need for intensive care unit admission [OR= 1.30], need for invasive mechanical ventilation [OR= 1.59] and mortality [ OR= 1.65]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk factors and related hospitalizations for cases with positive and negative COVID-19 tests: A case-control study

Ghanei

Keyvani

Haghdoost

et al. 2021

International Immunopharmacology

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Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for hospitalizations of cases with positive and negative COVID-19 tests. Methods In this case-control study, the case and control groups consisted of 292 COVID-19 patients and 296 non-COVID-19 patients. Patients who referred to a reference laboratory in Tehran (Iran) in March 2020 were selected and interviewed. The patients were contacted by telephone and data were recorded through a questionnaire. Results The sample of this study consisted of 588 patients (349 [59%] females, 239 [41%] males) with a mean age of 42±15. The results of this study showed that comorbidities like diabetes (OR=7.42), hypertension (OR=4.85), asthma and respiratory diseases (OR=5.64) in addition to symptoms including fever (OR=6.67), chills (OR=11.2), anorexia (OR=11.3), dyspnea (OR=4.8), weakness and lethargy (OR=5.7) were the most predictive variables for hospitalization of non-COVID-19 cases. Furthermore, demographical variables like male gender (OR=3.71), high age (>50; OR=3.12), BMI (>25; OR=2.37), travel (OR=2.79), comorbidities including diabetes (OR=5.26), hypertension (OR=3.7) and underlying immunosuppressant patients receiving corticosteroid therapy (OR=3.62) in addition to symptoms like anorexia [OR=2.55] and dyspnea (OR=6.99) tend to increase the risk of hospital admission in COVID-19 patients, suggesting their predictive values for hospitalization of COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Our results indicated that different factors tend to increase the odds of hospital admission in patients with positive and negative COVID-19 tests, suggesting their predictive values for hospitalization.

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A meta-analysis of the association between obesity and COVID-19

Cited by 45 publications

References 80 publications

Obesity is a strong risk factor for short-term mortality and adverse outcomes in Mexican patients with COVID-19: a national observational study

Obesity is a strong risk factor for short-term mortality and adverse outcomes in Mexican patients with COVID-19: a national observational study

Obesity is a strong independent risk factor for short-term mortality and adverse outcomes in Mexican patients with COVID-19: A national observational study

The risk factors and related hospitalizations for cases with positive and negative COVID-19 tests: A case-control study

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