A Mediterranean-style diet, its components and the risk of heart failure: a prospective population-based study in a non-Mediterranean country

Abstract

The tMED was not significantly associated with HF risk, but low meat, high fish and moderate alcohol intake were inversely associated with HF risk in our non-Mediterranean population. Minor dietary changes could be valuable primary prevention measures, particularly the increase of fish consumption while reducing the intake of meat.

Mediterranean diet and risk of heart failure: results from the PREDIMED randomized controlled trial

“…Two recent prospective cohorts with up to 10 years of follow‐up reported inverse associations of the MedDiet with HF incidence and mortality (1648 events) in men and HF incidence (1269 events) in women . An exploratory meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies conducted for the purposes of the current study suggested that, according to previous evidence, for each two additional points of MedDiet adherence (0 to 9 score), the relative risk of HF decreased by 8% (95% CI 0.90–0.95, without evidence of heterogeneity, I 2 = 0%) (Supplementary material online, Figure S2 ). The difference in the number of observed events and the length of follow‐up between these studies and the PREDIMED randomized trial might explain why our study was probably not sufficiently powered to confirm these previous observational findings.…”

Anti‐inflammatory diet and risk of heart failure: two prospective cohort studies

“…Moreover, in another study based on SMC, total antioxidant capacity of diet (based on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay measurements of foods) was inversely associated with HF . However, some studies in other populations did not observe similar associations . A majority of previous prospective studies on diet and HF examined single specific food groups included in the AIDI; those with anti‐inflammatory potential such as fruit and vegetables, whole grains, and nuts as well as those with pro‐inflammatory properties such as red meat and sweetened beverages …”

A Review of Plant-based Diets to Prevent and Treat Heart Failure

“…29 A prospective study of 1,000 adults admitted with acute coronary syndrome reported a 7 % decrease in the likelihood of developing left ventricular systolic dysfunction at hospitalisation,12 % reduction in the likelihood of recurrent CVD events, and a trend towards a 10 % lower risk of cardiac remodelling (p=0.06) in those following the MedDiet over 2 years. 30 Subsequent large prospective studies reported that MedDiet adherence was associated with decreases in HF incidence of 24 % in healthy adults, 31 21 % in healthy women, 32 31 % in healthy men 33 and 77.4 % in anticoagulated atrial fibrillation patients. 34 All of these studies reported that greater adherence conferred greater protection in a dose-dependent manner.…”

“…34 All of these studies reported that greater adherence conferred greater protection in a dose-dependent manner. [31][32][33][34] In a recent meta-analysis of six studies (n=10,950), the MedDiet was associated with significant reductions in major vascular events (37 %), coronary events (35 %) and stroke (35 %), but the greatest risk reduction was against HF (70 %). 35 Despite these positive results, it should be noted that both the quantity and quality of the available evidence in this meta-analysis was limited and highly variable.…”

“…Several prospective studies have reported that fish consumption is associated with decreased HF risk. 31,[73][74][75][76][77] However, further studies have reported no protective effect , 79 and two studies have reported a U-shaped association between HF risk/event rates and dietary marine omega-3 fatty acids 77 or fish consumption. 80 The effect of fish consumption may be influenced by its preparation (fried versus non-fried) and type (oily versus non-oily).…”