A Mechanistic Model of Effects of Dioxin on Thyroid Hormones in the Rat

Kohn, Michael C.; Sewall, Charles H.; Lucier, George W.; Portier, Christopher J.

doi:10.1006/taap.1996.0004

Cited by 85 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…Thyroid is considered one of the most sensible TCDD target. Animal studies showed that TCDD exposure changes circulating levels of thyroid hormones 47) . Effects of perinatal and post natal exposure have also been studied in humans 48,49) .…”

Section: Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Short- and Long-Term Morbidity and Mortality in the Population Exposed to Dioxin after the "Seveso Accident".

et al. 2003

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The early effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) exposure in the population involved in the Seveso, Italy, incident in 1976, have been examined in numerous studies. Chloracne was the only effect linked with sufficient certainty to dioxin exposure. The possible longterm consequences were investigated with mortality and cancer incidence studies. Mortality and morbidity findings during the 20-year period following the accident showed increased risk from lymphoemopoietic neoplasm, digestive system cancer (rectum in males, and biliary tract among females, in particular) and respiratory system cancer (lung, among males). In the incidence analyses, also thyroid gland and pleura cancer appeared suggestively increased. Soft tissue sarcomas showed an increase in the largest, yet least exposed, exposure sub-cohort. Several hypotheses associating non-cancer effects with dioxin exposure were corroborated by findings in the Seveso population: this was the case with cardiovascular effects (possibly linked to both chemical exposure and stressful disaster experience), endocrine effects (diabetes among females) and reproductive effects: exposure of men to TCDD was linked to a lowered male/female sex ratio in their offspring. The results of many Seveso studies point to possible gender effects, in accordance with animal models. Notwithstanding the acknowledged study limitations (lack of individual exposure markers, short latency, and small population size for certain cancer types), results of previous experimental and epidemiological studies, along with mechanistic knowledge on dioxin toxicity, support the hypotheses that the observed excesses might be associated with dioxin exposure. The mortality and cancer incidence follow-up of the Seveso cohort are continuing.

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Section: Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Short- and Long-Term Morbidity and Mortality in the Population Exposed to Dioxin after the "Seveso Accident".

et al. 2003

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“…[10][11][12] However, dietary soybean has been implicated as a goitrogenic factor in many studies [13][14][15][16][17] and the possible role of isoflavones, its active constituents, in thyroid carcinogenesis remains unclear. Also some xenoestrogens such as organochlorine, 18) TCDD, 19,20) metho-xychlor 21) and alachlor 22) have been shown to exert thyroid effects in man and experimental animals. However, little is known at present about the effects of weakly estrogenic chemicals on thyroid carcinogenesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Modifying Effects of Environmental Estrogenic Compounds on the Development of Thyroid Proliferative Lesions in Male Rats Pretreated with N‐Bis(2‐hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN)

Son

Nishikawa

Ikeda

et al. 2000

Japanese Journal of Cancer Research

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“…Perchlorate discharge test is also used as in vivo method for determining thyroid toxicity through TR (Atterwill et al, 1987). Finally, another ex vivo parameter is hepatic UDP-GT activity (a marker of enhanced TH clearance form serum) (Barter & Kòaassen, 1994;Kohn et al, 1996;Okazaki & Katayama, 2003;Sewall et al, 1995). On the other hand, many TDs that directly act on the TRs, may produce variable and perhaps unpredicted effects on the TH target tissues (Zoeller, 2005).…”

Section: Thyroid Disruptors Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%