A mechanism for carbon nanosheet formation

Zhu, Mingyao; Wang, Jianjun; Holloway, Brian C.; Outlaw, R. A.; Zhao, Xin; Hou, Kun; Shutthanandan, V.; Manos, D. M.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.06.017

Cited by 318 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The electric field in the plasma promotes the growth at the edge of carbon nanosheet and induces vertical growth perpendicular to the substrate's surface [10]. Many growth models have been proposed for the formation of this type of structure in literature [5,11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Vertical Graphene by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

Bisht

Chockalingam

Panwar

et al. 2014

Physics of Semiconductor Devices

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Abstract-Vertical graphene was synthesized on nickel substrate using microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique by varying gas pressure from 5 to 30 Torr under various mixing ratios of argon, hydrogen and methane.The Raman spectra show two major fingerprints of graphene, 2D peak at 2700 cm -1 and G peak 1580 cm -1 . Scanning electron microscopy microstructure revealed flower like graphene structure which could find applications in gas sensing and field emission due to high surface-to-volume ratio.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Vertical Graphene by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

Bisht

Chockalingam

Panwar

et al. 2014

Physics of Semiconductor Devices

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“…However, due to variations in the technical details of PECVD setups the quality of the samples can be very different, as is documented in the literature. For example Wang/Zhu et al [13,[27][28][29] and Seo et al [18] used an inductively-coupled RF PECVD with 13.56 MHz, Suzuki et al [17] and Vitchev et al [30] used a MPECVD with 2.45 GHz, and Kondo et al [31] or Hiramatsu et al [20] used a capacitivelycoupled VHF (100 MHz) PECVD system with hydrogen radical injection and C 2 F 6 as carbon precursor. An overview of different methods is shown in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that in earlier studies [19,20] it was argued and shown that such CC-PECVD with only H 2 as etchant should not be suitable for the synthesis of CNWs and FLG, due to the low plasma density and the lack of hydrogen radicals, which are proposed to have an important role in CNW formation [19,29,33]. However, Cott et al [9] later experimentally proved that it is after all possible to synthesize FLG sheets at high temperatures using such a CC-PECVD setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Carbon Nanowalls and Few-Layer Graphene Sheets on Transparent Conductive Substrates

Höltig

Ruhmlieb

Strelow

et al. 2014

Zeitschrift Für Physikalische Chemie

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Abstract:We report on the growth of carbon nanowalls and few-layer graphene sheets on glass substrates coated with different transparent conductive oxides or gold. The growth is accomplished by a capacitively-coupled radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition setup with a gas mixture of C 2 H 2 , H 2 , and Ar or He. This system allows the synthesis of thin vertical carbon nanosheets without catalyst at mild reaction conditions due to the low plasma density, which is preferable for sensitive substrate materials. In fact, the electrical properties of the transparent conductive indium tin oxide and fluorinedoped tin oxide stay intact upon carbon growth. Carbon nanowalls and few-layer graphene sheets on transparent conductive oxides are promising candidates for solar-cell applications while these nanostructures on gold coated glass can act as catalyst support material.

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“…This dynamic process is expected to be fundamentally different between 2-dimensional materials (also known as van der Waals materials) and their 3-dimensional counterparts for which there exists an extensive knowledge base. Different techniques have been used to fabricate MLG including low-temperature chemical vapor deposition on Ni catalyst, 6 microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, 8,11 and transferring and stacking large-area CVD-grown graphene monolayers. 12 To date, no proven approach allows for precise control of the number of layers presumably due to the lack of fundamental understanding of the dynamics of epitaxy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the kinetic barriers of graphene homo-epitaxy

Zhang

Cahyadi

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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The diffusion processes and kinetic barriers of individual carbon adatoms and clusters on graphene surfaces are investigated to provide fundamental understanding of the physics governing epitaxial growth of multilayer graphene. It is found that individual carbon adatoms form bonds with the underlying graphene whereas the interaction between graphene and carbon clusters, consisting of 6 atoms or more, is very weak being van der Waals in nature. Therefore, small carbon clusters are quite mobile on the graphene surfaces and the diffusion barrier is negligibly small (∼6 meV). This suggests the feasibility of high-quality graphene epitaxial growth at very low growth temperatures with small carbon clusters (e.g., hexagons) as carbon source. We propose that the growth mode is totally different from 3-dimensional bulk materials with the surface mobility of carbon hexagons being the highest over graphene surfaces that gradually decreases with further increase in cluster size.

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A mechanism for carbon nanosheet formation

Cited by 318 publications

References 26 publications

Synthesis of Vertical Graphene by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

Synthesis of Vertical Graphene by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

Synthesis of Carbon Nanowalls and Few-Layer Graphene Sheets on Transparent Conductive Substrates

On the kinetic barriers of graphene homo-epitaxy

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