A Measure of the Various Modes of Inbreeding in Kalmia latifolia

Abstract

Inbreeding can occur in several ways. For a given species, analysing overall inbreeding down to its component parts can be useful in explaining how and why inbreeding is maintained in a population. Kalmia latifolia, a long-lived evergreen shrub, was chosen for this study for two reasons: its unique¯oral morphology suggested that it was specially adapted to assure reproduction in the delayed mode of self-fertilization, and previous studies had suggested that populations that were more limited by pollinators showed higher rates of within-¯ower self-fertilization when pollinators were excluded. Floral manipulations, controlled pollinations, and paternity analysis were performed to determine the most common form of inbreeding within a¯ower, among¯owers of one individual, or among related individuals. Although plants are capable of setting seed within a¯ower, the overall rate of inbreeding was low. Among the modes of inbreeding within one individual, a negligible sel®ng rate among emasculated¯owers suggests that sel®ng is more prevalent within a¯ower than among¯owers on the same plant. In addition, as the multi-locus estimate of inbreeding was less than the single-locus estimate, inbreeding among related individuals also contributes to the natural level of inbreeding.

Development of a multiple-hybrid population for genome-wide association studies: theoretical consideration and genetic mapping of flowering traits in maize

“…Similarly, two QTN were detected on bin3.07, which were significantly associated with DTS (as qdsilk1 and qdsilk8 mapped in a previous research100). The related loci mdh3 (malate dehydrogenase3 ) showing four alleles in Kalmia latifolia 101 regulated maize pollen tube growth102 and encoded a cytosolic malate dehydrogenase for glyoxylate cycle activity in Arabidopsis 103. The peak on bin6.01 contained GRMZM2G004959 which had a homologous gene in Arabidopsis (AT3G61230.1 ) expressing in pollen and tube growth104.…”

Experimental Dissection of Inbreeding and Its Adaptive Significance in a Flowering Plant, Aquilegia Canadensis (Ranunculaceae)

“…This can be especially costly because the cost of ovule preemption by self-fertilization is compounded with the resource cost of turning selfed ovules into seed (seed discounting), which may reduce the future production of high quality outcrossed seeds both within and between reproductive seasons (Morgan et al 1997). These considerations strongly emphasize the importance of understanding how selfing occurs, yet very few studies have quantified the relative contribution of autogamy versus geitonogamy to self-fertilization in natural populations Leclerc-Potvin and Ritland 1994;Eckert 2000;Levri 2000;Williams et al 2000), or whether the various modes of selfing have different fitness consequences.…”

Floral morphology and mating system of Alcea rosea (Malvaceae)

“…There was no inbreeding depression observed in A. rosea, because the expected inbreeding coefficient F e was lower than our estimated inbreeding coefficient F. The high maternal inbreeding coefficient in A. rosea can be explained by the high level of biparental inbreeding with many full sibs produced per fruit and a subsequent limited seed dispersal. In contrast, in Kalmia latifolia, which has numerous flowers per individual, selfing is more prevalent within a flower than among flowers in the same plant (Levri 2000). Thus, protandry in A. rosea may act as a mechanism to reduce intrafloral male-female interference.…”