A mathematical model for flame volume estimation based on flame height of turbulent gaseous fuel jet

Zhang, Xiaolei; Hu, Longhua; Wang, Qiang; Zhang, Xiaochun; Gao, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2015.06.061

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…However, as shown in this work, the effect of the increase of H on the flame extension length is greater than that of the increase in θ , so both r f‐up and r f‐down decrease simultaneously. Further, the jet flame HRR is proportional to the flame volume according to Zhang et al With the increase of fire HRR, V cf increases accordingly, resulting in increases in r f‐up and r f‐down . In consequence, it is concluded that the effects of tilt angle, panel‐source distance, and fire HRR should be considered to estimate the flame extension length beneath an inclined PV panel.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of flat roof–integrated solar photovoltaic installation mode on building fire safety

Zhou

Gong

et al. 2019

Fire and Materials

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Summary This paper quantifies experimentally the fire‐induced reradiation to roof surface created by flame extension on the back of the flat roof–integrated photovoltaic (PV) array. A gas burner underneath the tilted PV panels was employed as the fire source. The effects of the PV tilt angle, distance from PV panel to roof, and fire heat release rate (HRR) were investigated. The flame extension geometries and flame reradiation heat flux distribution were recorded. The results show that the flame extension length and vertical thickness (ie, the vertical distance from the back surface of the PV panel to the extension flame profile) are reduced with the increase of PV tilt angle and panel‐roof distance but are increased with increases in the fire HRR. A unified nondimensional HRR coupled with all these factors is proposed to quantify the flame extension geometry. Furthermore, a general equation based on the physical relationship between flame radiation and flame geometry is developed to characterize the distribution of reradiation heat flux on the roof surface with the nondimensional local flame thickness. Finally, suggestions regarding PV installations on flat roofs and the selection of roofing materials are given to decrease the possibility of flame propagation underneath the PV arrays.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of flat roof–integrated solar photovoltaic installation mode on building fire safety

Zhou

Gong

et al. 2019

Fire and Materials

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“…Rashwan et al [9] made experimental investigations of partially premixed methane flames on the flammability limits, flame length, appearance and color. Additionally, extensive researches on risk issues of energy conversion and application have been conducted, since safety principles are fundamental guidelines for the utilization of the energy [4,[10][11][12][13]. Hughes et al [10] proposed a systematic method for analyzing risk to energy systems, which could use both qualitative and quantitative data, and three worked examples illustrated the method.…”

Section: Year Million Tonnes Oil Equivalentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1a. The increasing demand for gas fuels has stimulated the increasing use of natural gas pipelines in cities, which while making the utilization of public energy convenient is accompanied with greater risks of the pipeline leakage [2][3][4]. As a consequence, studies on the flame characteristics resulted from the pipeline leakage were conducted for both the normal atmospheric pressure [2] and the reduced pressure [3], in which the flame height correlations for different atmospheric pressures were proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, studies on the flame characteristics resulted from the pipeline leakage were conducted for both the normal atmospheric pressure [2] and the reduced pressure [3], in which the flame height correlations for different atmospheric pressures were proposed. Since gaseous fuels have been used to provide energy in many fields, its combustion as well as flame characteristics during the energy utilization and transportation have been studied extensively [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Zhang et al [4] proposed a mathematical model for flame volume estimation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since gaseous fuels have been used to provide energy in many fields, its combustion as well as flame characteristics during the energy utilization and transportation have been studied extensively [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Zhang et al [4] proposed a mathematical model for flame volume estimation. Tang et al [5] studied the combustion behavior of premixed propane flame with hydrogen addition in a combustor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental study on flame morphologic characteristics of wall attached non-premixed buoyancy driven turbulent flames

Zhang

Delichatsios

et al. 2019

Applied Energy

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This work investigates the effects of the wall on the morphologic characteristics of non-premixed buoyancy driven turbulent flames attached to the wall. Experiments are carried out with rectangular burners having their long side attached to a wall. The investigation is based on dimensional analysis and comprehensive experimental data, including comparison of the flame characteristics of the wall attached flames with free flames. Results show that the non-dimensional flame heights of wall attached flames experience a two-dimensional to three-dimensional transition as free flames do. The critical dimensionless heat release rate for this transition is smaller for the wall attached flames (0.30) than that of the free flames (0.39). The flame height fluctuation of wall attached flames is smaller than that of free flames and decreases with an increase in the nozzle aspect ratio. The ratio of flame thickness (or flame width) to flame height of wall attached flames is smaller than that of free flames. New correlations for flame height, width and thickness of the wall attached flames are proposed based on the mirror-approach of the rectangular source relative to that of a free flame, where the burner perimeter is found to be an appropriate length scale. This work provides important knowledge on the effect of wall on flame characteristics of buoyancy driven buoyant turbulent flames, which is essential to the design and risk assessment of the laying of gaseous fuel transportation pipelines in the city and also provides data for validation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models.

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Information Inversion and Dynamic Analysis of Video-Driven Fire Detection Based on Object-Oriented Segmentation

Cheng

Bai

et al. 2022

Fire Technol

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A mathematical model for flame volume estimation based on flame height of turbulent gaseous fuel jet

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Impact of flat roof–integrated solar photovoltaic installation mode on building fire safety

Impact of flat roof–integrated solar photovoltaic installation mode on building fire safety

Experimental study on flame morphologic characteristics of wall attached non-premixed buoyancy driven turbulent flames

Information Inversion and Dynamic Analysis of Video-Driven Fire Detection Based on Object-Oriented Segmentation

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